بررسي نسبت كارايي و عدالت در اقتصاد اسلامي در مقايسه با مفهوم كارايي در اقتصاد متعارف

The Relationship between Efficiency and Justice in Islamic Economics

قواعد و اصولي كه جامعه را در بهره‌برداري از منابع و امكانات و همچنين توزيع مواهب ميان آحاد جامعه سامان مي‌بخشد از مباحث بنياني عرصه نظريه‌هاي علوم اجتماعي است. كارايي نمادي از رشد بوده و به‌عنوان سازوكاري براي تنظيم مناسبات جامعه شناخته ميشود. از سويي طرفداران عدالت اجتماعي در دهه‌هاي اخير با يادآوري لزوم توجه بيش از پيش به آن، عدالت را به‌عنوان والاترين معيار براي سازماندهي جامعه مطرح كردهاند. اين دو رويكرد اخير تقابل ميان كارايي و عدالت را به يكي از منازعات محوري اقتصاددانان تبديل نموده و نسبت اين دو مفهوم را به سؤالي اساسي تبديل كرده است. اين مقاله براساس بررسي منابع و اسناد معتبر و با استفاده از روش توصيفي−تحليلي، نسبت عدالت و كارايي در نظام اقتصادي اسلام را بررسي كرده و نتيجه ميگيرد كارايي مؤثرترين استفاده از منابع و ابزاري براي تحقق عدالت بوده و در نتيجه تقابلي ميان اين دو مفهوم وجود ندارد.

The quality of organizing society for using productive resources and distributing blessings, opportunities and facilities in the society is one of the important issues in identifying of economic systems. Clearly, choosing the best organization and arrangements for a society based on the kind of attitude that is about the goals of the formation of society. It is clear that the choice of the best arrangements and the community-based society is based on the goals of the formation of society.Efficiency, which is a sign of the importance of economic growth, is one of the solutions presented to identify the economic organization of society and has been met with widespread economists and social scientists and has spread to other areas of humanities such as law. The establishment of community relations based on efficiency may lead to some conflicts with some of the goals and ideals of social and economic systems. Justice as one of the highest human ideals is one of the goals that has been challenged by social science theorists. Justice, in addition to being introduced in some cases in conflict with efficiency, can replace the efficiency in allocating resources. Accordingly, the study of the relationship between the concepts of efficiency and justice in determining the type of social arrangements is decisive and indisputable. This article, based on the review of authentic documents and using content analysis, identifies the important and fundamental features of these two concepts, discusses the relationship between them in the Islamic economic system and Effectiveness considers the most effective use of resources and factors for the implementation of justice. Therefore, he does not consider the conflict between the two concepts.