ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري رواﺑﻂ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺒﮑﮥ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸﮏ (ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ: ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﺒﺰوار، اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮي)

Assessment of Structural of Relationships and Social Network Analysis of Local Communities Direction Collaborative Management (Case study : Razavi Khorasan province, Sabzevar city)

در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣ ﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧ ﺸﮏ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رواﺑﻂ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐ ﺸﺎورزان ﺿﺮوري ﻣﯽﺑﺎ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷـﺒﮑﮥ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﮐﺸـﺎورزان در ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎي اﻋﺘﻤﺎد و ﻣﺸـﺎرﮐﺖ در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي آﺑﯿﺎري، ﺑﺎزارﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﮐﺸـﺖ در ﺳـﻪ روﺳـﺘﺎي آرﯾﺎن، ﺣﺎرثآﺑﺎد و رﺑﺎط ﺳﺮﭘﻮش واﻗﻊ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ ﺳﺒﺰوار ا ﺳﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﺎ ا ﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روشﻫﺎي ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮐﯿﻔﯽ روﯾﮑﺮد ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾ ﺸﯽ، روش ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪة ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ ﻫﺪف ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روش ﮐﻤﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ، ﭼﻬﺎر ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ، دو ﺳﻮﯾﮕﯽ، اﻧﺘﻘﺎلﭘﺬﯾﺮي و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﺎ ﺻﻠﻬﮥ ژﺋﻮدزﯾﮏ در ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎي اﻋﺘﻤﺎد و ﻣ ﺸﺎرﮐﺖ در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﮐ ﺸﺎورزي در ﺷﺒﮑﮥ ﮐ ﺸﺎورزان ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺮا ﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮر ﺳﯽ، در رو ﺳﺘﺎي آرﯾﺎن ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ رو ﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﻧ ﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪة اﻧ ﺴﺠﺎم اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺸﺘﺮ در اﯾﻦ رو ﺳﺘﺎ ﻣﯽﺑﺎ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺷﺎﺧﺺ دو ﺳﻮﯾﮕﯽ و اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﭘﺬﯾﺮي در ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮر ﺳﯽ ﻧ ﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪة ﺗﻌﺎدل، ﺗﻮازن و ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﺑﯿ ﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ در رو ﺳﺘﺎي آرﯾﺎن ﻧ ﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ رو ﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده، در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﮥ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در اﯾﻦ روﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﮥ ژﺋﻮدزﯾﮏ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻮبﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﮥ ژﺋﻮدزﯾﮏ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﺸﺎورزان در روﺳﺘﺎي آرﯾﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻧ ﺴﺠﺎم، ﯾﮕﺎﻧﮕﯽ و اﺗﺤﺎد در اﯾﻦ روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ، ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﮔﺮدش و ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻃﻼﻋﺎت و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﮥ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در آنﻫﺎ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ و دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺮف ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ و زﻣﺎن ﮐﻤﺘﺮي ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد و ﻣﺸــﺎرﮐﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﯾﮥ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳــﺎزي ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﺿــﺮورت ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺸــﺎرﮐﺘﯽ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺰاﻣﯽ اﺳﺖ.

In Collaborative management of arid regions, it is necessary to analyze the social relationships between farmers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and analyze the social network of farmers in trust links and to participate in irrigation, marketing and cultivation activities in three villages of Aryan, Hareth Abad and Robat Sarpush in Sabzevar. For this purpose,in the firstusing with qualitative studies of survey approach,direct observation method and target population interview were identified. Then, the quantitative network analysis method, four important indices consist of "density", "reciprocity", "transitivity" and "average geodesic distance" in the links of trust and participation in agricultural activities of the farmers' network were evaluated. According to the results, the density of the four transplants was higher in Aryan village than the other villages, which is indicating more social cohesion in this village. The results of reciprocity and transitivity indexed in the studied links show more balance, equilibrium and stability of the network in Aryan village than the other villages, thus there is more social capital in this village. The average geodetic distance results also indicate the most favorable geodetic distance among the farmers in Aryan village. Increasing the cohesion and solidarity of these villages will speed up the flow of information and exchange, as well as increase social capital in them, and will help people to coordinate and access each other with less cost and time. Therefore, reinforcing trust and social participation is essential for increasing social capital as a necessity for participatory management