ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﮥ اﻣﮑﺎن ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﮔﻨﺪﻣﯽ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﺳﻪزارﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺣﻠﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺑﺬر و اﺳﺘﻮﻟﻮن

The Comparison of appropriate methods for propagation of three native grasses of Coastal Sand Masses of Hormozgan Province, IRAN by Seed and Stolon

در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن، ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ وﺟﻮد دارﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﮥ ﮐﻤﯽ از ﺧﻂ ﺳﺎﺣﻠﯽ رﺷﺪ و اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ آنرا داﺷﺘﻪﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺟﻬﺖ اﺣﯿﺎء اراﺿﯽ ﻣﺎﺳﻪاي ﺳﺎﺣﻠﯽ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ. ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ روش ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ Halopyrom mucronatum, Aeluropus lagopoides, Sporobolus arabicus ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﻣﺎﺳﻪاي ﺷﺮق اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ و ﺟﻤﻊآوري اﺳﺘﻮﻟﻦ و ﺑﺬر، اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﻬﺎل ﮔﻠﺪاﻧﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﮐﺎﺷﺖ، ﻧﻬﺎلﻫﺎ آﻣﺎرﺑﺮداري ﺷﺪه و ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗ ﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در 3 ﺗﮑﺮار 21 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪاي و ﺑﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ روش ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ ا ﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪد ﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه، ﺑﯿ ﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ در ﺻﺪ ﻇﻬﻮر ﻧﻬﺎل ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻗﻠﻤﻪﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﻮﻟﻦ ﺑﻮد (91/6 درﺻﺪ) و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ روﯾﺶ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ (7/9 درﺻﺪ) و ﺗﯿﻤﺎر اﺳﯿﺪ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ 1000 ﭘﯽ ﭘﯽ ام ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 12 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ در دﻣﺎي 20c° (ﺻﻔﺮ درﺻﺪ) ﺑﺮ روي ﺑﺬر ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﮐﻪ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر اﺳﯿﺪ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ ﻫﯿﭻ روﯾﺸﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﻓﻮق، ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﻬﺎل Spo. arabicus ﺑﺎ روش اﺳﺘﻮﻟﻮن ﺑﺎ 100 در ﺻﺪ و ﺧﯿ ﺴﺎﻧﺪن ﺑﺬر (ﺷﺎﻫﺪ) ﺑﺎ 52/4 در ﺻﺪ از ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﺸــﺘﺮي ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳــﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ روش ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﻬﺎل ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر، اﺳــﺘﻔﺎده از ﻗﻠﻤﻪﻫﺎي اﺳــﺘﻮﻟﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ 81 ﺗﺎ 100 درﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

On the coast of Hormozgan province, there are halophytic grasses distributed in coastal plain, near to the coastline. They are potential forage crops which could be used to reclamation of coastal sandy saline soil deserts. The aim of this study is introducing of suitable methods for seedling production of Halopyrom mucronatum, Aeluropus lagopoides and Sporobolus arabicus as native grasses of coastal sand masses in the eastern part of Hormozgan Province, Iran. The geographical distribution of Halo. mucronatum, Ael.lagopoides and Spo.arabicus was obtained by the help of literature review. In next stage with Referring to the field and collecting stolons and seeds of these species, seedlings were produced from cutting stolons and seeds. After planting, the percentage of produced seedlings was recorded. Using appropriate statistical tests, the best way of reproduction for each of the selected species was introduced. Test treatments were include of soaking in boiling water, soaking in acid gibberellic (1000 ppm) and stolones cuttings. Based on the results, the highest percentage growth of all three species was cutting treatment (91.6%) and the lowest percentage growth were in the control (7.9%) and treatment of gibberellic acid on seeds (0%). So that in the acid gibberellic treatment, no growth was observed. Of the three species, propagation of Spo. arabicus was more successful by stolon (100%) and seed or control method (52.4%). Based on these results, it seems that the best method for producing seedlings of these species is using stolon cuttings with 81 to 100% success.