اثر پيش‌آماده‌سازي با يك نوع برنامة تمرين شناختي ورزشي بر بيان ژن‌هاي Ntrk2، نسبت Bcl2/Bax و عوارض ناشي از سكتة مغزي

The Effect of Exercise Cognitive Preconditioning on Ntrk2, Bcl2/Bax Ratio Gene Expression and Complications of Stroke

ﯾﮏ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺑﺎارزش ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎي ﻣﻐﺰي، اﻧﺠﺎمدادن ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ورزﺷﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ و ﻋﻮارض دﺧﯿﻞ در ﺳﮑﺘﮥ ﻣﻐﺰي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، 30 ﺳﺮ رت ﻧﮋاد وﯾﺴﺘﺎر )ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و ﺑﺎ وزن 200 ﺗﺎ 250 ﮔﺮم( ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ورزﺷﯽ + اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )ﺳﺎﻟﻢ و ﺑﺪون ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﮥ ورزﺷﯽ( و اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ در ﮔﺮوه ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ورزﺷﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻨﺎ در ﻣﺎز آﺑﯽ ﻣﻮرﯾﺲ ﺑﻪﻣﺪت ﺳﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و در ﻫﺮ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ، ﺳﻪ روز و در ﻫﺮ روز، ﭼﻬﺎر ﺑﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﮥ 10 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﭘﺲ از آﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﮥ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ، رتﻫﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﮔﻠﻮﺑﺎل ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﯿﺎن ژنﻫﺎي Ntrk2 و Bcl2/Bax ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ Real-Time PCR ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪه ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏراﻫﻪ و آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺑﻮﻧﻔﺮوﻧﯽ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري را در ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﯿﺎنژن Ntrk2در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ورزﺷﯽ + اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد )0.05 ≤ P(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﺑﯿﺎنژن Bcl2/Bax در ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ورزﺷﯽ + اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ و اﯾﺴـﮑﻤﯽ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﯿـﺸﺘـﺮ ﺑﻮد )0.05 ≤ P(. ﻧﻤﺮة اﺧﺘﻼل ﻧﻮروﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و اﺧﺘﻼل ﺣﺴﯽ-ﺣﺮﮐﺘﯽ در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ورزﺷﯽ + اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﯾﺎﻓﺖ )0.05 ≤ P(. ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﭘﯿﺶآﻣﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ورزﺷﯽ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﯿﺎن ژنﻫﺎي Ntrk2و Bcl2/Baxو ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻤﺮة اﺧﺘﻼل ﻧﻮروﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و اﺧﺘﻼل ﺣﺴﯽ-ﺣﺮﮐﺘﯽ در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ اﺳﺖ.

One valuable approach for increasing health and reducing brain damage is to do exercise and Cognitive Activity. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of exercise cognitive preconditioning on the factors of stroke. In this study, 30 Wistar rats (eight weeks old and weighing 200 to 250 g) were randomly divided into three groups: Cognitive exercise + ischemia, control (healthy, without exercise intervention) and ischemia. The exercise consisted of swimming in the Morris Water Maze for three weeks, three days per week, and four times per day for 10 minutes. After the last training session, rats underwent global ischemia. Real-time PCR was used to measure Ntrk2 and Bcl2/Bax genes expression and they were analyzed using one-way ANOVA analysis of variance and Benfroni post hoc test. Results showed a significant increase in Ntrk2 gene expression in Cognitive exercise + ischemia group compared to control and ischemic groups (P≤0.05). Also, the expression of Bcl2/Bax gene in the control group was significantly higher than the two groups of cognitive exercise + ischemia and ischemia (P≥0.05). Neurological and sensory-motor dysfunction scores were significantly decreased in the Cognitive exercise + ischemia group compared to the control and ischemia groups (P≤0.05). Exercise cognitive preconditioning seems to be able to increase Ntrk2, Bcl2/Bax genes expression and decrease the score of neurological and sensory-motor impairment in the stroke process.