اثر بخشي روان درماني مذهبي- معنوي بر كيفيت زندگي زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان

The Effectiveness of Religious-Spiritual Psychotherapy on the Quality of Life of Women with Breast Cancer

ﺳﺮﻃﺎن ﭘﺴﺘﺎن در ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺳﺮﻃﺎنﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﯾﻊ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد از آﻧﺠﺎﺋﯿﮑﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻣﻮزه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻃﺎن ﭘﺴﺘﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ در ﺳـﺎل 1396 در زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻃﺎن ﭘﺴﺘﺎن ارﺟﺎع داده ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻗﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دو ﻣﺎه از ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ آن ﻫﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷـﺪ. ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎن 70 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮرت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳـﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ 6 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ روان درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ- ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻮرﯾﺖ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ) ﺧﺪاوﻧﺪ، دﯾﮕﺮان، ﺧﻮد و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ( اﺟﺮا ﺷـﺪ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﻓﺮاد ﻣﻮرد ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻗﺒﻞ، ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ و دو ﻣﺎه ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه 100-0 ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻔﺎوت آﻣﺎري ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﯿﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ در ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﮐﻞ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﮐﻞ )57/61±9/42( در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ )60±19/51( )p=0/002( ﺣﯿﻄﻪ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺴــﻤﯽ )46/22±19/53( در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ )61/35±13/36(، )p=0/016( ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﯽ )57/85±24/16( در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ )p=0/005) ،(67/55±13/24( ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ )54/28±24/45( در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ )62/79±18/35( )p<0/001( و ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ )62/05±3/55( در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ )67/33±33/43( )0/048=p( ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ در ﻃﻮل زﻣﺎن ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ روان درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻃﺎن ﭘﺴﺘﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers around the world that leads to a decreased quality of life. Since one of the supportive measures is the use of spiritual teachings, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of religious care on the quality of life of women with breast cancer. METHODS This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2017 among women with breast cancer who referred to Qom health centers at least two months after their diagnosis. Seventy subjects were selected through convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. For the intervention group, 6 sessions of religious – spiritual psychotherapy were held with the focus of communication with God, other people, self and environment. The quality of life of the subjects was evaluated before the intervention, immediately after the intervention and two months after that using The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) with mean score of 0 – 100. FINDINGS The results showed a significant difference between the dimensions of quality of life in the control and intervention groups: total health and quality of life (57.61±9.42) vs. (60±19.51) (p=0.002), physical health (46.22±19.53) vs. (61.35±13.36) (p=0.016), mental health (57.85±24.16) vs. (67.55±13.24) (p=0.005), social health (54.88±24.44) vs. (62.79±18.35) (p<0.001), and environmental health (62.05±3.55) vs. (67.33±33.43) (p=0.048), indicating that the results were stable over time. CONCLUSION The results of the study showed that religious–spiritual psychotherapy increases the quality of life of women with breast cancer.