عنوان به زبان ديگر :
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Diabetic Adolescents Aged 10-14 Years Who Referred to Diabetes Clinic in Imam Hossein Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
كليدواژه :
ديابت , نگرش , عملكرد , دانش
چكيده فارسي :
مقدمه و هدف: ديابت شايع ترين بيماري ناشي از اختلال متابوليسم كربوهيدرات مي باشد كه باعث آسيب به ارگانهاي متعدد از جمله كليه، چشم و قلب مي شود. افزايش اگاهي، تغيير نوع رفتار و نگرش بيمار و خانواده بيمار مي تواند سبب كاهش عوارض مزمن بيماري گردد. لذا تحقيق حاضر با هدف تعيين دانش نگرش و عملكرد كودكان ديابتي نسبت به بيماري ديابت انجام شد.
روش پژوهش: مطالعه ي حاضربه صورت توصيفي تحليلي مقطعي ﺑـﺮ روي 150 كودك ونوجوان ديابتي ديابتي 10-14 ﺳﺎله ﻣﺮاﺟﻌـﻪ ﻛﻨﻨـﺪه ﺑـﻪ درﻣﺎﻧﮕﺎه ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ديابت بيمارستان امام حسين(ع) اصفهان به روش سرشماري انجام شد. ابزار جمع آوري اطلاعات،پرسشنامه دانش،نگرش وعملكرد بيماري هاي مزمن(پرسشنامه KAP)بود. داده ها وارد نرم افزار SPSS 21شده وبا استفاده از آمار توصيفي وآمار تحليلي مورد تجزيه وتحليل قرار گرفت.
يافته ها: ﺑﻴﻦاﮔﺎﻫﻲ و ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﻴﻤﺎران و آﮔﺎﻫﻲ و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد و نيز از طرفي بين نگرش و عملكرد كودكان راﺑﻄﻪ معني داري وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ (P<0/05). ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶﻣﻴﺰان آﮔﺎﻫﻲ و دانش، ﻧﮕﺮش و در نهايت ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد بيماران ﺑﻬﺘﺮﺷﺪ. ضريب همبستگي پيرسون نشان داد كه سن كودكان با نمره دانش كل و نمره كل رفتار ارتباط معني داري ندارد، اما با نمره مزاياي درك شده از رعايت رژيم غذايي و عملكرد خودمراقبتي ارتباط دارد .(P = 0.048) آزمون t مستقل نشان داد كه ميانگين نمره كل دانش و نگرش بين پسران و دختران تفاوت معني داري ندارد، اما نمره كل رفتار (0/02 = P) و همچنين فعاليت بدني (0/001 = P) در پسران به طور قابل توجهي بالاتر از دختران است. با وجود فرد مبتلا به ديابت در خانواده و نيز با افزايش سالهاي ابتلا به بيماري دانش، نگرش و حتي عملكرد در رابطه با بيماري به طور معني داري ارتقا يافته است.
نتيجه گيري: بهبود عملكرد در اداره و درمان بيماري ديابت منوط به افزايش اگاهي و افزايش نگرش كودك در خانواده مي باشد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background : Diabetes is the most common disease caused by a defect in carbohydrate metabolism which can have a negative effect on all organs over time. Increased awareness regarding the knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients can decrease chronic complications as well as the treatment costs. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the levels of knowledge, attitude, and practice of diabetic adolescents regarding their disease.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 150 diabetic adolescents aged 10-14 years who referred to the diabetes clinic in Imam Hossein Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. The required data were gathered using knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21) using descriptive statistics (i.e., mean, standard deviation, frequency), and analytical statistics. The qualitative data were analyzed using the chi-square test while the relationship of age with the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice was determined through the Pearson correlation coefficient test.
Results: According to the findings, there was a significant relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of patients, as well as their attitudes and practice (P<0.05). Therefore, an increase in the level of knowledge increased the level of practice. Moreover, it was found that the participants with another diabetic patient in the family and longer disease duration showed better improvement of knowledge, attitude, and even practice. The result of the Pearson correlation coefficient test indicated that the age of the patients did not have a significant correlation with the total score of knowledge and practice (P>0.05). However, the age variable correlated with the score of the perceived benefits of a healthy diet (P=0.017) and self-care performance (P=0.048). Furthermore, based on the results of the independent t-test, the mean score of the total knowledge and attitude was not significantly different between male and female participants (P>0.05), while the total scores of practice (P=0.02) and physical activity (P=0.001) were significantly higher in males, compared to females.
