ارزيابي ميزان موفقيت محدوده قانوني رشد شهري طرح هاي جامع در مهار رشد كلانشهر تهران

Evaluating the Success of the Urban Growth Boundary of Comprehensive Plans to Contain the Growth of Metropolitan Tehran

با گذشت بيش از چهاردهه از تهيه طرح‌هاي جامع و تعيين محدوده قانوني براي شهرهاي ايران، هنوز ارزيابي دقيقي از موفقيت اين ابزار صورت نگرفته است. همين عامل باعث شد اين پژوهش به انجام اين مهم پرداخته و به ارزيابي ميزان موفقيت محدوده قانوني طرح جامع دوم تهران مبادرت نمايد. روش تحقيق پژوهش بر پايه روش ارزيابي كمي و با هدف كاربردي است و تصاوير ماهوراه‌اي اصلي‌ترين داده مورد استفاده در اين مقاله است. تجزيه‌و‌تحليل و پردازش داده‌ها با بهره‌گيري از نرم‌افزارهاي Envi و Arcgisصورت گرفته و انطباق مرز و محدوده رشد شهري طرح جامع و مرز واقعي بررسي شده است. يافته‌ اصلي پژوهش دلالت بر اين دارد كه محدوده قانوني طرح جامع دوم كلانشهر تهران، نتوانسته بطورموثري توسعه شهري را كنترل كند. همچنين مشخص شد كه ارزش شاخص «مهار مرز رشد» 0/15 است، كه بر عدم توانايي مرز رشد شهري در محدود كردن توسعه شهري كلانشهر تهران اشاره دارد.

Indus trial Revolution and subsequent developments were led to the revolution in urbanization in the second half of the nineteenth century and the revolution changed human settlement in other cities and resulted in an unprecedented expansion of cities. This was an epidemic phenomenon that Iran would not be safe from it. In order to deal with the development and dis tribution of the city in Iran from mid-century imitation of the wes tern planned sys tems, comprehensive plans that have in their hearts policies to control and limit urban growth were used. In the form of the comprehensive plans have been accomplished policies of the Green Belt to determine the physical limits of the city. After more than four decades, providing the firs t comprehensive plans for cities and for urban growth boundary, yet comprehensive and accurate assessment has not been made from success and effectiveness of the urban growth inhibition tools. Those factors caused to execute this research and Tehran metropolis has been selected as s tudy sample. After that, this s tudy sample has been inves tigated in order to assess the measure of success and effectiveness of the urban growth boundary. The research method is descriptive-analytical with a functional goal. Research indicator has been derived from the theoretical foundations and satellite images. The overlay analysis is to inves tigate the adaptation between the planned boundary and the actual boundary based on both quantitative method and morphological method. Before analysis of coverage and land use, remote sensing analysis was used to complete actual boundary extraction. Using this method, the lates t information of land coverage of Tehran was processed, so that the cons tructed actual boundary on Tehran was identified. Also, the third comprehensive plan of Tehran was approved in 2007 and is valid until 2028. The images used in this thesis are taken from Landsat Thematic Mapper. The main findings of this research are followed: Urban growth boundary that has been determined in comprehensive plan 1371 not effectively control urban development. In the period 1371-1386, a large part of the new development outside of the urban growth boundary has been located. When the ability of urban growth boundary control by using of growth boundary inhibition was measured, the results were shown that the value of this indicator is 0/15 percent and the result means that the urban growth boundary of comprehensive plan has no ability to limit urban growth of Tehran metropolis. Although this index has dedicated a small number to itself, according to the area inside the growth boundary, the morphological adaptation level between urban growth boundary and actual boundary is relatively low. With the morphological deviation, the total area of new developments during 1371- 1386 was not larger than legal lands. Size scope of the urban growth boundary specified in the comprehensive plan that has been determined in 1371 had been appropriate and more than the necessary amount. Thus, the failure of the urban growth boundary in respect to evolutions and developments in outside of the Eas t Tehran metropolis and thrown out in the southern part is clear.