مكانيابي صنايع تبديلي و تكميلي محصولات كشاورزي جهت دستيابي به توسعه اقتصادي در نواحي روستايي مطالعه موردي: دهستان زرين دشت شهرستان دره شهر

The locating of conversion and complementary industries of agricultural products to achieve economic development in rural areas, Case study: Zarin Dasht County of Dareshahr Township

از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶ روي ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ، ﻓﺴﺎد و آﺳﯿﺐﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺑﺎﻻ، ﻓﺼﻠﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮ داﺋﻤﯽ ﺑﻮدن ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺑﻮدن ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ رﺷﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ، ﺑﯿﮑﺎري ﻓﺼﻠﯽ و ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻧﯽ، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ درآﻣﺪ و در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮتﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎ-ﺷﻬﺮي اﺳﺖ. اﯾﺠﺎد و اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻠﯽ و ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺳﻮدﻣﻨﺪﺗﺮﯾﻦ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﺻﻨﻌﺖ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ رﻓﻊ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﻮق اﻟﺬﮐﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑﺮي ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﮑﻮﻓﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺨﺶ وﺳﯿﻌﯽ در اﻗﺘﺼﺎد روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﺻﺤﯿﺢ و ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻠﯽ و ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ ﻋﺼﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻧﻮﯾﻦ ﺑﺮ ﭘﯿﮑﺮهي ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ اﻓﺰوده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي-اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ را دﮔﺮﮔﻮن ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ و زﻣﯿﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪي را در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﭘﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﯽآورد. در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻠﯽ و ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺟﻬﺖ دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي در دﻫﺴﺘﺎن زرﯾﻦ دﺷﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻠﯽ و ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ AHP اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. داده ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻫﺎي زوﺟﯽ و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺟﻬﺎد ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن دره ﺷﻬﺮ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻠﯽ و ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮐﻪ از ﻟﺤﺎظ 9 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ داده ﺷﺪه، ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ راﻫﮑﺎري ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﺿﺎﯾﻌﺎت و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ارزش اﻓﺰوده ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﺷﺘﻐﺎلزاﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ درآﻣﺪ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﮐﻢ درآﻣﺪ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮتﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎ-ﺷﻬﺮي ﺷﻮد.

High spoilage and vulnerability, seasonal and being a non- permanent agricultural products, low operation in unit of level and also population growth, hidden and seasonal unemployment, income reduction and consequently increasing of rural- urban migrations are from most important challengs that agricultural section and rural community confronted with them. A most advantages connections between tow agricultural and industrial section is to establishing conversion and complementary industries that in addition to removal of above- mention problems, it leads to regional inequalities reduction The considering to this industries will be causes a blooming in large part in rural economy. Through scientific and accurate establishing of conversion and complementary industries, a modern relatively era is added to rural communities construction that will transform the socioeconomic texture of the rurals and creates new fields in this areas. In present research is investigated The locating of conversion and complementary industries of agricultural products to achieving economic development in Zarin Dasht county. The method of research is based on the purpose applied and based on nature the descriptive-analytical. To Evaluation of Indicators and locate of conversion and complementary industries in the case study area were used from Geographic Information System and Hierarchical Analytic Multi-Attribute Technique AHP. The required data were collected by designing a coupled comparison questionnaire and interview with Agricultural Jihad Experts in Rural Industries of the City of Dara Shahr. The results of this research shows establishing conversion and complementary industries in the area which is identified in terms of 9 indicators of optimal areas can be appropriate solution for preventing from waste and increasing the addittional value of agricultural products, and through employment will be cause increasing income of rural low paid groups and reduction of rural- urban migrations.