پديد آورندگان :
چيت سازها، بلتا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد علوم و تحقيقات شاهرود - دانشكدهٔ علوم انساني , آخوندي، فهيمه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد علوم و تحقيقات شاهرود - دانشكدهٔ علوم انساني , كرمي، ابوالفضل دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد علوم و تحقيقات شاهرود - دانشكدهٔ علوم انساني - گروه روانشناسي
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف
امروزه افزايش مصرف مواد مخدر نگراني روزافزوني را براي تمامي جوامع به دنبال دارد و مسئله وابستگي به مواد و سوء مصرف آن به معضلي اجتماعي درماني تبديل شده است. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف بررسي اثربخشي روش درمان شناختي رفتاري (CBT) بر افزايش شادكامي افراد وابسته به مواد محرك انجام شد.
روش بررسي
اين مطالعه به صورت نيمه آزمايشي بود كه از افراد وابسته به مواد محرك، 30 نفر به روش نمونه گيري دردسترس انتخاب شدند. سپس به شكل تصادفي در دو گروه آزمايش (15 نفر) و كنترل (15 نفر) قرار گرفتند. ابزار به كاررفته در اين پژوهش، پرسشنامه شادكامي آكسفورد 1980 بود. مداخله درمان شناختي رفتاري، طي ده جلسه و هر جلسه 90 دقيقه براي گروه آزمايش صورت گرفت. داده هاي به دست آمده با استفاده از آزمون آماري تحليل كواريانس و تحليل واريانس با اندازه گيري مكرر تجزيه و تحليل شدند.
يافته ها
نتايج نشان داد تفاوت بين ميانگين نمرات پيش آزمون و پس آزمون گروه آزمايش درمقايسه با گروه كنترل، پس از حذف اثر نمرات پيش آزمون، در افزايش ميزان شادكامي تاثير معنا داري داشت (0٫001>p). همچنين، اثرات اين آموزش بعد از گذشت يك ماه پايدار بوده و تفاوت معناداري بين ميانگين نمرات پس آزمون و پيگيري گروه آزمايش مشاهده نشد (0٫073=p).
نتيجه گيري
با توجه به يافته ها، به نظر مي رسد درمان شناختي رفتاري مي تواند موجب افزايش شادكامي شود؛ بنابراين، توصيه مي گردد آموزش درمان شناختي رفتاري توسط روان شناسان و روان درمانگران به عنوان روشي مداخله اي در جهت پيشگيري درزمينه مصرف مواد به كار گرفته شود.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objectives: Increasing in use of drug (drug addiction and drug abuse) has become a concern of all communities as a health and
social problem. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral training on people happiness
increase dependent on stimulant drugs.
Methods: The research was quasi-experimental study with random assignment of subjects to experimental and control groups, with pre-posttest
and follow-up. The statistical population of the present study was to identify the drug addicts who were referred to the welfare organization of
Tehran (capital city of Iran) to reduce the dependence on addiction treatment centers. Samples in this study be included 30 patients’ dependent
on stimulants for available sampling formed in the respective centers. The criteria for entry into the study included the use of stimulants, the
length of drug addiction for more than one year, male subjects and lack of physical and mental illness. The subjects were randomly divided in
two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The ethical considerations of this study included obtaining written consent from subjects,
confidentiality of the information of all subjects, not using the names and information of subjects in the process of data analysis, and group
analysis of scores. Instruments used in this study were the Oxford happiness questionnaire. Cognitive-behavioral group therapy sessions a week
for 10 sessions over 3 months for 1 session and every 90 minutes using cognitive-behavioral pattern derived from relevant research records
prepared and held for trial. Data were analyzed using SPSS software using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential
statistics (covariance analysis and repeated measures variance analysis).
Results: Descriptive findings showed that the average pretest experimental and control groups was not different, while the posttest differences
between the experimental group (25.78) and control (18.33) has been observed. Covariance analysis was used to investigate the difference
between groups in the posttest area or to remove the pretest effect. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean
posttest scores of the experimental group and the control group after limitation of initial differences in the pretest was significance in happiness
(p<0.001, F=12.84). In other words, cognitive-behavioral education had effective impact on increasing the happiness of addicted people to
stimulants. The difference between the mean scores of the pre-test and the post-test of the test group, after limitation of initial differences in the
pretest, was significant in the happiness score (p<0.001), while there was not a significant difference between the scores before test and posttest
control group in happiness score (p=0.521). Therefore, cognitive-behavioral education had influential effects on people with substance
dependence on their happiness in the experimental group. In addition, the effects of this training were stable after 1 month, and there was no
significant difference between the mean posttest scores and the follow-up of the experimental group (p=0.730). Other findings of this study also
showed that there was no significant difference between the mean posttest scores and the follow-up of the control group in the happiness score
(p=0.460).
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that cognitive-behavioral training could enhance happiness. Therefore, cognitive-behavioral
training, by psychologists and psychotherapists, in substance as a preventive intervention is recommended.
