اثربخشي معنادرماني بر انسجام رواني و كيفيت زندگي در مادران دانش آموزان اوتيسم

Logo-therapy on Sense of Coherence and Quality of Life of Autistic Student Mothers

زمينه و هدف طيف اختلال هاي اوتيسم اثرات شديدي بر زندگي خانوادگي ازجمله انسجام رواني و كيفيت زندگي دارد؛ ازاين رو پژوهش حاضر باهدف اثربخشي معنادرماني بر انسجام رواني و كيفيت زندگي مادران دانش آموزان اوتيسم انجام شد. روش بررسي پژوهش حاضر نيمه آزمايشي از نوع طرح پيش آزمون پس آزمون با گروه كنترل بود. جامعه آماري را تمامي مادران كودكان 7تا12ساله مبتلا به اوتيسم در مركز اوتيسم رازي شهر بهارستان، در سه ماه آخر سال 1397 تشكيل دادند. تعداد 30 نفر از مادران به روش نمونه گيري دردسترس انتخاب شده و در دو گروه آزمايش و كنترل به صورت تصادفي قرار گرفتند. به منظور جمع آوري داده ها، از مقياس انسجام رواني آنتونسكي (1993) و مقياس كيفيت زندگي بهداشت جهاني (2002) استفاده شد. براي افراد گروه آزمايش در هشت جلسه، معنادرماني صورت گرفت؛ اما گروه كنترل هيچ درماني را دريافت نكرد. جهت تحليل داده ها، نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 و آزمون تحليل كوواريانس تك متغيره و چندمتغيره به كار رفت. سطح معنا داري نيز 0٫01 درنظر گرفته شد. يافته ها نتايج نشان داد بين دو گروه آزمايش و كنترل در انسجام رواني و كيفيت زندگي تفاوت معناداري وجود دارد. ميانگين و انحراف معيار كيفيت زندگي گروه آزمايش قبل و بعد از مداخله به ترتيب 6٫54± 27٫54 و 6٫43±29٫87 و انسجام رواني قبل و بعد از مداخله به ترتيب 5٫23±48٫76 و 5٫57±52٫89 به دست آمد. همچنين اندازه اثر نمره كيفيت زندگي 0٫421 (0٫001>p) و انسجام رواني 0٫378 (0٫001>p) بود. نتيجه گيري باتوجه به نتايج پژوهش، آموزش معنادرماني موجب افزايش انسجام رواني و كيفيت زندگي مادران دانش آموزان اوتيسم شده است.

Background & Objective: Autism disorders have severe effects on family including mental integrity and quality of life. Therefore, the present study aimed at the effectiveness of logo–therapy on sense of coherence and quality of life of autistic student mothers. Methods: The present study was a pre–test and post–test design with a control group. The statistical society was mothers of 12–14 year–old children with autism, the center of autism in the Baharestan city at the last three months of 2019. A sample of 30 mothers was selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups (experimental and control). To collect data, the Antonovski psychological integrity scale (1993) and world health quality scale (2002) were used. The subjects in the experimental group were treated in 8 sessions of psychotherapy and the control group received no treatment. For data analysis, SPSS software version 22 and after confirmation of the assumption of homogeneity of covariance matrix and homogeneity of variance of dependent variables among the groups as covariance analysis assay, multivariate and one–variable covariance analysis was used and the level of significance was considered as 0.01. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of experimental and control in mental integrity and quality of life. The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of life quality of the experimental group before and after the intervention were 27.45±6.54, 29.97±6.43, respectively; psychological coherence before and after the intervention was 48.76±5.23 52.89±5.57. In addition, the effect size of the quality of life score was 0.421 (p<0.001) and mental integrity was 0.378 (p<0.001). Therefore, the results showed that psychological education and psychological well–being and quality of life of mothers of autistic students increased. Conclusion: Semanticism is a method by which members, with the aim of discovering themselves, seek a self–discovered journey to become capable of being true to themselves, to develop their own visions of themselves, of the world around them, and to clarify what is relevant to the present and future life. As a result, the tendency towards meaning and the meaning of pain and unforeseen catastrophic incidents improves the mental integrity and quality of life of autistic children mothers in these severe conditions. Therefore, the use of this method in other mothers with autism child is recommended.