كليدواژه :
اسپيرومتري , بيماري آسم , تمرينات هوازي , زنان چاق , عملكرد ريوي
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف
تست عملكرد ريه اقدامي مهم براي تشخيص بسياري از اختلالات تنفسي است؛ بنابراين هدف از تحقيق حاضر بررسي تغييرات پارامترهاي اسپيرومتري زنان چاق مبتلا به آسم خفيف در پي تمرينات منتخب هوازي بود.
روش بررسي
اين پژوهش به صورت نيمه تجربي با طرح دو گروهي در 30 زن چاق مبتلا به آسم خفيف اجرا گرديد. افراد به طور تصادفي در دو گروه كنترل (15 نفر) و تمريني (15 نفر) قرار گرفتند. گروه تمريني به مدت هشت هفته برنامه تمريني را اجرا كردند. در اين مطالعه فاكتور هاي حداكثر جريان بازدمي، حداكثر تهويه ارادي، جريان بازدمي حداكثر در 75٪ ظرفيت حياتي و نسبت حجم بازدمي در ثانيه اول به ظرفيت حياتي اجباري، با استفاده از اسپيرومتري اندازه گيري شد. تجزيه وتحليل آماري با استفاده از آزمون شاپيرو ويلك و تحليل كواريانس صورت گرفت. سطح معناداري 0٫05 درنظر گرفته شد و داده ها با نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 تجزيه و تحليل گرديدند.
يافته ها
نتايج حاصل از تحليل آماري نشان داد كه هشت هفته تمرين هوازي، بر افزايش تهويه ارادي ماكزيمم (0٫003=p)، سرعت جريان هواي بازدمي (0٫024=p)، ظرفيت حياتي ريوي و حجم خروجي (0٫001>p) و سرعت اوج بازدمي (0٫002=p) در گروه تمرينات منتخب افزايش معنادار داشت.
نتيجه گيري
يافته ها نشان داد كه انجام منظم ورزش هاي هوازي باعث بهبود در علائم حياتي بيماران مبتلا به آسم خفيف مي شود. از اين رو، در درمان بيماران مبتلا به آسم، ورزش هاي هوازي به صورت منظم توصيه مي شود.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objective: Asthma is a Lifestyle inflammatory and reversible disease of airways. Change in Lifestyle by increasing obesity and
decreasing physical activity is the main cause of its high prevalence. Asthmatic patients are less fit than their healthy control subjects. Evidence
reveals the association between mechanical life, inadequate physical activity, and increased daily calorie expenditure with adolescent obesity
syndrome, On the other hand, overweight and obesity has increased the risk of asthma and inefficiency of lung function. Therefore, the role of
the respiratory system in adjusting the acid-free balance during exercise can be considered very important. If an efficient respiratory system leads
to a better refinement of toxic substances, attention to pulmonary capacity and volume in different individuals, and the impact of environmental
factors on it seems to be necessary. Accordingly, one of the most critical indicators of respiratory function is vital; vital capacity is a reflection
of a large amount of respiratory capacity that results in better air purification in the lagoon of the lungs. Pulmonary vital capacity and output
volume (FEV) are a strong indicator of lung function that has been reduced due to obesity and inactive Lifestyle. One of the known methods for
the treatment of asthma patients is rehabilitation; rehab programs have added therapeutic value to patients with asthma. They cause a significant
improvement in these patients, which is one of the essential components of pulmonary rehabilitation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the
effect of aerobic training on pulmonary function (FEF, PEF, MVV, FEV) in middle-aged women with mild asthma.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was performed on two groups of 30 obese women with mild asthma, referring to medical centers in
Urmia. The subjects were randomly assigned to control (n = 15) and exercise (n = 15). The exercise group performed aerobic exercise for eight
weeks in the form of fast-paced walking and intermittent running and aerobic base movements. The program of each exercise session from the
first week to the third week consisted of 50 minutes of aerobic exercise with an intensity of 50% of maximum heart rate. Lasted seven to eight
weeks, every 60 minutes of aerobic exercise with an intensity of 70-75% of the maximum heart rate given by the Polar machine was measured.
In this study, spirometric measurements used for factors such as expiratory flow, maximum voluntary ventilation, expiratory flow maximal in
75% of the vital capacity, and expiratory volume ratio in the first seconds to mandatory vital capacity. Statistical analysis performed using the
Shapiro-Wilk test and covariance analysis, and the significance level was 0.05. Data analyzed by SPSS version 22.
Results: The results showed that MVV, FEF, FEV, and PEF and their changes in pretest and post-test stages after eight weeks of aerobic training
evaluated. The results of the covariance analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of training and control
in all the respiratory variables by maintaining the pretest and post-test scores (p<0.05). The findings indicated that eight weeks of aerobic exercise
had a significant effect on the increase of MVV (p=0.003), FEF (p=0.024), FEV (p<0.001), and PEF (p=0.002) in the research sample. No
significant changes observed in the control group.
Conclusion: Performing asthma exercises can contribute to the improvement of asthma treatment for asthmatic patients. Therefore, considering
the beneficial effects of exercise, especially aerobic exercise, the protocol of treatment of asthma patients in our country must also be modified
to use sports protocols under the supervision of medical specialists and with their advice. Patients with asthma improve their respiratory rate by
participating in the exercise rehabilitation program; they can better handle daily tasks, as a result of the aerobic exercise presented in the present
study. Effective treatment intervention for obese people asthma is mild because this exercise volume reduces the body composition index, which
is a factor in asthma.
