پديد آورندگان :
اميرفخرايي، آزيتا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد بندرعباس - گروه روانشناسي , كريم افشار، عشرت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد كرمان - گروه روانشناسي , منظري توكلي، عليرضا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد كرمان - گروه روانشناسي
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف
انعطاف پذيري روان شناختي به معناي ايجاد توانايي در انتخاب عملي بوده كه در بين گزينه هاي مختلف، مناسب تر باشد و نه انجام كاري كه فقط براي اجتناب از افكار، احساس ها، خاطره ها يا اميال آزاردهنده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقايسه انعطاف پذيري روان شناختي نوجوانان عادي با نوجوانان پسر بدسرپرست و بي سرپرست نگهداري شده در مراكز تحت سرپرستي بهزيستي شهر كرمان اجرا شد.
روش بررسي
پژوهش حاضر پيمايشي و از نوع علي مقايسه اي بود. جامعه آماري را تمامي نوجوانان 13تا18 سال پسر بدسرپرست و بي سرپرست نگهداري شده در مراكز تحت سرپرستي بهزيستي و نوجوانان عادي شهر كرمان در سال 1396 تشكيل دادند. با استفاده از روش نمونه گيري هدفمند 80 نوجوان بي سرپرست و بدسرپرست نگهداري شده در مراكز تحت سرپرستي بهزيستي و همچنين 80 نوجوان عادي مشغول به تحصيل در دبيرستان، انتخاب شدند. ابزارهاي گردآوري داده ها پرسشنامه انعطاف پذيري روان شناختي بوند و همكاران (2007) بود. داده ها با آزمون تي مستقل تجزيه و تحليل شد.
يافته ها
نتايج نشان داد كه تفاوت دو گروه در انعطاف پذيري شناختي معنا دار است (0٫001>p)؛ بدين صورت كه نوجوانان بدسرپرست و بي سرپرست درمقايسه با همتايان عادي خود ميزان انعطاف پذيري شناختي كمتري دارند.
نتيجه گيري
يافته هاي اين مطالعه، نقش متغيرهاي روانشناختي ازجمله انعطاف پذيري شناختي را در نوجوانان بدسرپرست و بي سرپرست و نيز لزوم بهره گيري از روش هاي نوين روان درماني را درجهت افزايش آن بيش از پيش برجسته مي سازد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objective: Due to the critical period of adolescence and disorders that can affect this period, family support and play an
important role in promoting or reducing mental health in adolescents. Because the growth and behavior of affected individuals is the type of
family in which they live, children in the family, in interaction with others, learn communication skills, interpret the behavior of others and
feelings experience. The inadequate performance of family and parent due to separation or death can lead to the teenager's participation in high–
risk behaviors, mental health problems and increased psychiatric disorders. The rupture of the family as well as other factors in Iranian society
has left many families with child abandonment. Parental mismatches and divorced increased the psychological vulnerability of children. One of
the obstacles to the presence of these children in the community is the society's view of this kind of children, the viewpoint and the attitude that
lies in schools and in the surroundings with unaccompanied children can be in the growth and enhancement of the personality or vice versa, in
order to reduce self–esteem and escape. The child will be affected in the future. Earlier research has shown that emotional problems and types
of mental disorders have a high percentage in adolescents who are mentally ill and overweight in Iran and various communities. Emotional
problems also have a direct relationship with psychological flexibility. Psychological flexibility is defined as the ability to perform practical now
in accordance with personal values. Teens throughout the course of their lives face chronic and acute needs that can be unpleasantly influenced
by their physical and psychological health, so individuals must be equipped with psychological flexibility. Psychological flexibility means
creating the ability to make practical choices. It is more appropriate than the various options, rather than doing things that are only disturbing to
avoid thoughts, feelings, memories or desires. Regarding the above mentioned the importance of studies in the field of children with impaired
caregivers and identifying their psychological characteristics, this study aimed to compare the psychological flexibility of ordinary adolescents
with adolescent boys and nurses who were kept in centers under the supervision of welfare Kerman city.
Methods: The current study was a comparative and causal study. The statistical population of this study was all adolescents (13 to 18 years old)
who were nulliparous and unprotected and held in centers under the supervision of welfare and normal adolescents in Kerman (Kerman province,
South of Iran). Using purposeful sampling, 80 adolescent in well–being care centers selected as well as 80 normal children (in high school)
through targeted sampling. Data collection tools were Bond and associates (2011) psychological flexibility questionnaire. Data were analyzed
using multivariate test and independent T–test.
Results: T–test showed that the difference between the two groups was significant in cognitive flexibility (p<0.001). Thus, unprotected and
unprotected adolescents have less cognitive flexibility than their normal husbands do.
Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the role of psychological variables such as cognitive flexibility in adolescents who are not at risk
and the need for using new psychotherapy methods to increase it. The results showed that unprotected and unprotected adolescents, in comparison
with their normal counterparts, obtained a penny scores in cognitive resilience. Identification of common risk factors among cognitive
impairments among adolescents is of particular importance. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the psychological inflexibility as a
pathologic factor of various types of mental disorders. It is suggested to use psychiatric courses in order to increase the psychosocial flexibility
of the mentally ill adolescents.
