پيش‌بيني بهزيستي روان‌شناختي مبتلايان به سرطان براساس حمايت اجتماعي ادراك‌شده و روش‌هاي مقابله با استرس

The prediction of psychological well-being among cancer patients based on perceived social support and stress coping strategies

زمينه و هدف: امروزه سرطان از مشكلات بسيار مهم بهداشتي در سراسر جهان محسوب مي‌شود. باتوجه به اهميت تأثير وقايع ناگوار زندگي و رويدادهاي فشارزا در بروز بيماري سرطان، هدف اين تحقيق پيش‌بيني بهزيستي روان‌شناختي مبتلايان به سرطان، برمبناي حمايت اجتماعي ادراك‌شده و روش‌هاي مقابله با استرس بود. روش‌بررسي: طرح پژوهش‌ حاضر به‌صورت تحقيق همبستگي بود. جامعهٔ آماري پژوهش را افراد مبتلا به سرطان بيمارستان شهداي منطقهٔ يك و بيمارستان پارسيان منطقهٔ دو شهر تهران در سال 1396 تشكيل دادند كه به‌روش نمونه‌گيري تصادفي ساده، 230 نفر مبتلا به بيماري سرطان انتخاب شدند. بعد از جمع‌آوري پرسشنامه‌هاي پژوهش، تحليل داده‌هاي گردآوري‌شده با استفاده از روش همبستگي پيرسون و رگرسيون چندگانه صورت گرفت. يافته‌ها: يافته‌ها نشان داد متغير حمايت اجتماعي و سبك مقابله‌اي مسئله‌مدار پيش‌بيني‌كنندهٔ معنادار بهزيستي روان‌شناختي است (0٫01

Background & Objective: Nowadays, cancer is one of the most important global health issues. Despite the many advances in the field of medical science cancer is still considered a serious disease and in many cases incurable. Today, many physicians and psychologists believe in the psychological and sociological aspects of physical health and consider the improvement of mental health to be an essential aspect of treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to predict the psychological well–being of cancer patients based on perceived social support and stress– coping strategies. Methods: We applied a correlational research design. The statistical population of the study included 230 cancer patients from Tehran’s Shohadaye Hospital (district 1) and Parsian Hospital (district 2) in 2017, selected through simple random sampling. The Reef Psychological Well–being Questionnaire (1984), Zimet’s Perceived Social Support Scale (1998) and Folkman and Lazarus’ Stress Tolerance Inventory (1985) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression. Results: The social support and coping strategy variables were significant predictors of psychological well–being (p<0.01). The results of the coefficient of determination also showed that about 17% of changes in the dependent variable (psychological well–being) can be determined through coping strategies and perceived social support. Conclusion: Problem–oriented and emotional–focused coping strategies and social support can predict psychological well–being in people with cancer. We recommend using the findings of this research to improve and increase the psychological well–being of cancer patients in the form of short–term training courses in hospitals to help improve their stress–coping strategies.