پيش بيني سانحه پذيري كودكان بر اساس حساسيت به پاداش و تنبيه: نقش ميانجي تكانشگري و نقص توجه

Predicting the Accident Proneness Using Sensitivity to Reward and Sensitivity to Punishment with the Mediative Role of Impulsivity and Inattention Factors

پژوهش حاضر با هدف پيشبيني سانحه پذيري براساس حساسيت به پاداش و تنبيه با نقش ميانجي تكان شگري و نقص توجه در كودكان انجام گرفته است. روش: در اين مطالعه همبستگي، از بين جامعه آماري دانشآموزان مقطع ابتدايي شهر تبريز در سال تحصيلي 97-98 ،تعداد 150 نفر دانش آموز به صورت تصادفي خوشه اي چندمرحله اي انتخاب شدند. ابزارهاي استفاده شده در پژوهش آزمون خطرپذيري بادكنكي BART ، پرسشنامه سنجش سوانح MISS و آزمون عملكرد پيوسته CPT ود. به منظور تجزيه و تحليل داده ها از تحليل مسير استفاده شد. يافته ها: نتايج نشان داد كه اثر مستقيم حساسيت به پاداش بر سانحه پذيري (27/0= β ،01/0

Objective: The aim of this research was to study the prediction of accident proneness using sensitivity to reward and sensitivity to punishment with the meditative role of impulsivity and attention deficit. Methods: In this correlational study, all elementary students of Tabriz City in the 2018-2019 education year constituted the research population, of which 150 students were chosen as a sample using random multistage cluster sampling model. Data were collected using Minor Injury Severity Scale (MISS), Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), and Continuous Performance Test (CPT) tools. Path analysis was employed in order to analyze the data. Results: It was found that the direct effect of sensitivity to reward on accident proneness was (β = 0.27, p <0.01) and sensitivity to punishment on accident proneness was (β = 0.01, p <0.01). Also impulsivity on accident proneness was (β = 0.42, p <0.01) and inattention on accident proneness was (β = 0.39, p <0.01). In addition, sensitivity to reward indirectly had a positive and significant relationship with accident proneness with the mediator role of impulsivity with the impact factor of 0.17 , and inattention with the impact factor of 0.16 .Sensitivity to punishment indirectly had a negative and significant relationship with accident proneness with the mediator role of impulsivity (-0.14) and attention deficit with the impact factor of (-0.16). Conclusion: Accident proneness can be predicted by sensitivity to reward and punishment with the mediating role of impulsivity and inattention. This result can be applied in prediction and rehabilitation programs for reducing children’s injuries in the target group.