ارزيابي ارتباط كاربري اراضي شهري و جزاير حرارتي مطالعه موردي: شهر بياباني يزد

Assessing the relationship between urban land use and thermal islands, Case study: Yazd desert city

ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑﻪوﯾﮋه ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ درﺟﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻃﺮاف ﺧﻮد ﮔﺮمﺗـﺮ ﻣﯽﺷـﻮﻧﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺳﺎز و ﮐﺎر آن ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰيﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر زﯾﺎدي دارد. اﯾـﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎ ﺑـﺮ روي ﺣﺮارت ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﯿﺎﺑﺎﻧﯽ ﯾﺰد اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ از ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﺳﺎل 2005 و 2015 ﻣﺎﻫﻮاره Terra ﺳﻨﺠﻨﺪه Aster اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎي ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﯾﺰد در دورهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ، ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﭘﯿﺸﺮوي اﯾـﻦ ﺷـﻬﺮ در ﺳﻄﻮح ﻧﻤﮑﺰار و ﻣﺎﺳﻪ زار ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪاي ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﮐﻪ ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﯽ و آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺘﯽ، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ و ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ ﻧﻤﮑﺰار و ﻣﺎﺳﻪزار و زﻣﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﯾﺮ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘـﻪ اﺳـﺖ. در ﻧﺘﯿﺠـﻪ ﻋﻤـﺪه ﺟﺰاﯾﺮ ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﯾﺰد در ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪاي و زﻣﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﯾﺮ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿـﺎﻫﯽ و دﻣـﺎي ﺳـﻄﺢ زﻣـﯿﻦ در ﻃـﻮل دوره 10 ﺳـﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻢزﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ ﺑﺮ وﺳﻌﺖ ﺟﺰاﯾﺮ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯾﯽ اﻓﺰوده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Urban thermal islands are one of the most common urban climatic phenomena in which some urban areas, especially urban centers, are several degrees warmer than the surrounding areas. The study of this phenomenon and its mechanism of study is very important for urban planning. This research has been applied in terms of analytical method and in terms of purpose and has been done with the aim of investigating the effect of applications on the temperature of Yazd desert city. To illustrate this relationship, images from the 2005 and 2015 Terra satellites measuring the Aster were used. The results of the studies show that the physical expansion of the city of Yazd in different historical periods, has led to the advancement of this city in the marginal salt and sand surfaces, so that construction and asphalt areas, increase and areas Salt and sand and barren lands on the outskirts of the city have declined. As a result, most of the thermal islands of Yazd city have been formed in marginal areas and barren lands. In this regard, there is a negative correlation between the two variables of vegetation and land surface temperature during the 10-year period, which indicates that the size of the heat islands has increased as the green space decreases