ارزيابي پايداري زيست‌‌‌‌‌‌محيطي و بررسي توزيع فضايي آن در سكونتگاه‌‌‌‌هاي روستايي استان كرمانشاه مورد: شهرستان روانسر

Environmental Sustainability Assessment and Serving its Spatial Distribution in Rural Settlements in kermanshah province (Case Study: Ravansar Township

ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ ﯾﮑﯽ از ارﮐﺎن ﺳﻪ ﮔﺎﻧﮥ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﺰاﯾﯽ را در ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺸﺖ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯿﺎن ﺑﺮﻋﻬﺪه دارد. ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﺪي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ، ﮔﺎم ﻣﺆﺛﺮي درراﺳﺘﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ وﺿﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري از ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﻊ آن، ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎي ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ اﺳﺖ. ازاﯾﻦ رو، ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﮐﻪ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻮردي در ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رواﻧﺴﺮ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را ﻫﻤﮥ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺎﻧﻮار روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽ دﻫﻨﺪ )5668=N( و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﺪول ﺑﺎرﺗﻠﺖ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران، 185 ﻧﻔﺮ از آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﮥ آﻣﺎري ﺑﺮآورد ﺷﺪ و درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻ ﻮ ر ت ﮐ ﺎ ﻣ ﻼ ً ﺗ ﺼ ﺎد ﻓ ﯽ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎن 26 روﺳﺘﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﺷﺪ. اﺑﺰار اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن، ﺑﺎ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ اﺻﻮل روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ و اﻧﺠﺎم ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ اﺻﻼح، ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ده ﮔﺎﻧﮥ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ، دو ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻫﻮا و ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎ و ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات 0/150 و 0/559، ﭘﺎﯾﺪارﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺪارﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رواﻧﺴﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪة ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ )2/63( و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺟﺪول ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رواﻧﺴﺮ در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﻗﺮار ﻧﺪارد. ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﯿﻦ دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رواﻧﺴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ 99 درﺻﺪ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻮﮐﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد دو دﻫﺴﺘﺎن دوﻟﺖ آﺑﺎد و ﻗﻮري ﻗﻠﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ رﺗﺒﻪ اي 2/354 و 3/31، ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺪارﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﭘﺎﯾﺪارﺗﺮﯾﻦ دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﻣﺤﺪودة ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎي ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ واﻗﻊ در ﺷﻤﺎل و ﺷﻤﺎل ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن، ﻓﻀﺎي ﺣﺎﮐﻢ بر ﻣﺤﺪودة ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رواﻧﺴﺮ، ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺪاري زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳﺖ

This quantitative research is the descriptive analytic study. The aim of This Study is the investigate status of environmental sustainability in rural settlements in Iran, that was conducted as a case study in rural area Ravansar Township. Is the study sample test, all householder of rural in Ravansar Township (5668 = N) and Due to the Financial constraints and time and the lack of a census, Using the Bartlett et al Table and Was estimated 185 of them as statistical sample. Eventually, by selecting the targeted villages, Questionnaires were distributed randomly among heads of 26 selected villages. The main research tool was the researchers’ questionnaire, which were confirmed its validity and reliability, Principles and methods of field research conducted amended several times. The results showed among the ten environmental indicators examined Two indicators (Air stability and forests and meadows stability, respectively with The 0.150 and 0.559 coefficient of variation Was Stable and unstable environmental indicators in villages of Ravansar Township. Also, according to the mean of the environmental sustainability (2.63) and Results the frequency distribution table, can be said that environmental sustainability in rural city Ravansar Township Not in good condition. Nevertheless, the results the ANOVA test showed, between the districts of the Rawansar Township in terms of environmental sustainability there is a significant difference with the 0.99 confidence. Results The Tukey test showed that two district (Dawlat Abad and Quri qaleh) respectively with an average rank of 2.354 and 3.31, Are unstable and stable district.