كليدواژه :
مديريت ارزش عمومي , حكمراني خوب , مديريت دولتي نوين , مديريت دولتي سنتي
چكيده فارسي :
ميزان مشاركت شهروندان در اداره امور عمومي و حكمراني متناسب با سير تطور پارادايم ها و نظريه هاي علوم سياسي و مديريت دولتي در ادوار مختلف تاريخ متفاوت بوده است . پارادايم نخستين در رشته مديريت دولتي، همان پارادايم مديريت دولتي سنتي مبتني بر نگرش دولت فن سالار و ابزار گرا است كه بر دولت حداكثري و مشاركت حداقلي شهروندان استوار بود. با گذار از پاداراديم مديريت دولتي سنتي به مديريت دولتي نوين يا همان مديريت گرايي، بر دولت حداقلي و مشاركت حداكثري بازار و بخش خصوصي تاكيد مي شد. در ماوراي مديريت دولتي نوين و حركت به سوي پارادايم مديريت ارزش عمومي، پيوند مديريت دولتي با شهروندان از رهيافت اخلاقي ، ارزشي و نهادي مورد توجه قرار گرفت. در اين پارادايم به ارزش هاي حقوق شهروندي ، مردم سالاري ، نهاد گرايي ، خدمت گرايي، مشاركت، سرمايه اجتماعي و جامعه مدني توجه بيشتري نسبت به پارادايم هاي پيشين مديريت دولتي شده است. همچنين قلمرو قدرت عمومي در مديريت ارزش عمومي از حوزه دولت ، ديوان سالاري هاي دولتي و بازار به حوزه هاي وسيع تري در سطح جامعه مدني و شبكه هاي حكمراني توسعه يافته است و شركاء و بازيگران زيادي از بخش هاي مختلف دولت، بنگاه هاي تجاري و سازمان هاي مردم نهاد در خلق ارزش هاي عمومي و پاسداشت ارزش هاي عمومي مشاركت دارند.
چكيده لاتين :
Citizens in a society are the main owners of the political system and public management. The extent of involvement in the country and public management has been different concerning the evolution trend of paradigms and theories of political sciences and public management in different time periods. The initial paradigm in public management is the same as the Technocratic and Instrumentalist traditional public administration which was based on the maximum government and the minimum involvement of citizens in public administration. Shifting from the paradigm of traditional public management to the new public management, the minimum government and citizens maximum involvement and privatization were emphasized. Beyond the new public management and moving toward the paradigm of public value management, the interaction between public management and citizen was considered concerning the ethical and institutional approach. In this paradigm, the values of citizens rights, democracy, institutionalism, serving people, involvement, social capital, and civil society have been considered more than before. Further, the realm of public power in the public value management, bureaucracy and the market has been developed to the wider domains in civil society and governance networks. In the paradigm of public value management, the power is, in nature, various and many partners from different parts of the government, businesses, and NGOs involve in creating and protecting public values.
Introduction:
The historical trend of paradigms in public management developing from the traditional public management to the paradigm of public value management is affected by the trend of this maximum government to maximum democracy. The paradigm of traditional public management was consistent with maximum government. In the transition from the paradigm of traditional public management to new public management and to public value management, we witness the strengthening of non-governmental sectors and civil society which means moving toward perfect and democratic governance. In this paradigm, the process of transferring power from the state to sectors outside the realm of government (e.i the private sectors and civil society) has been greatly considered. In this regard, the values of democracy, civil society, social capital, and the synergy of diverse areas of power have increased.
