پديد آورندگان :
ضيابخش، مرتضي دانشگاه شهيد بهشتي , شريفي، مسعود دانشگاه شهيد بهشتي , فتح آبادي، جليل دانشگاه شهيد بهشتي , نجاتي، وحيد دانشگاه شهيد بهشتي
چكيده فارسي :
هدف: اختلال بيش فعالي/كاستي توجه، فراون ترين اختلال دوران كودكي است اين پژوهش با هدف مقايسه اثر بخشي دونوع درمان در انواع توجه ديداري است. روش پژوهش: يك مطالعه شبه آزمايشي داراي پيش آزمون –پس آزمون با گروه كنترل بود. نمونه مورد مطالعه از روش نمونه گيري در دسترس شامل مراجعه كننده به كلينيك هاي روانپزشكي شهركرج و 50 دانش آموز دبستاني پسر داراي اختلال كاستي توجه انتخاب شدند اين افراد به صورت تصادفي در سه گروه تقريبا مساوي شامل دوگروه آزمايش و يك گروه كنترل گمارده شدند. از هرسه گروه پيش آزمون با استفاده از تست IVA صورت گرفت. يكي از گروه هاي آزمايشي به مدت 14 جلسه مورد توانبخشي با ابزار محقق ساخته قرار گرفت. گروه آزمايش ديگر به مدت 18 جلسه تحت درمان با روش نوروفيدبك با پروتكل بتا قرار گرفتند. گروه كنترل هيچ مداخله اي دريافت نكردند. سپس هرسه گروه با استفاده از تست IVA مورد پس آزمون قرار گرفتند. نتايج با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS19 و روش تحليل كوواريانس (MANCOVA) مورد تحليل قرار گرفت. نتايج تحليل كوواريانس چندمتغيري نشان داد كه روش توانبخشي شناختي بر بهبود انواع توجه ديداري نسبت به روش نوروفيدبك در دانش آموزان دبستاني داراي اختلال كاستي توجه اثربخشي بهتري دارد.
نتيجه گيري: روش توانبخشي بكار گرفته شده بر انواع توجه ديداري در مقايسه با روش نوروفيدبك در دانش آموزان دبستاني داراي اختلال كاستي توجه اثربخشي بهتري دارد.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent developmental disorder among children. Inappropriate levels of inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity are the core symptoms of ADHD. Cognitive functions such as attention and executive functions are found to be impaired in children with ADHD. In the past decade cognitive training has received considerable attention as an intervention method. However, evidence supporting cognitive training as an intervention that can produce transfer is mixed. The aim of the present study is to evaluate this heterogeneous evidence with a focus on its application in children with ADHD.
Method
The present study is a quasi-experimental study using pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of male students in elementary school, referred to psychiatric clinic of Karaj and with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Subjects were selected using convenience sampling method. Therefore, considering the possibility of falling into the experimental and control groups, a total of 50 students, referred to psychiatric clinics who agreed to receive non-pharmacological interventions, were selected. They were also selected to be included in the study, including IQ 90 and disability or other disorders, as well as not using drugs or other therapeutic methods until the end of this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to three groups (17 Targeted Matrices Experimental Group, 16 Norofeedback Group and 17 Control Group). Experimental and control groups were tested in two stages of pre- and post-tests and after interventions related to neurofeedback and targeted matrices using IVA test. The data of the experimental and control groups were analyzed using analysis of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).
Results
The results showed that both approaches, neuro-feedback and targeted matrices were effective on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (p < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in effectiveness of the two interventions on those variables (p > 0.05).
Discussion
Present study findings conclude that improvement in neuropsychological, behavioral and academic functioning provide further empirical support to the view that NFT with and targeted matrices can be considered as a long-term effective treatment for children with ADHD. Norofeedback and Targeted Matrices may not be an alternative treatment, but an appropriate combination therapy in the treatment of complementary clinical disorders, an adjunctive treatment to routine clinical management in ADHD. Considering the high prevalence rate, chronic impact of ADHD, the limitations and adverse effects of available treatment, the findings of the current study are relevant.
