كليدواژه :
آموزش واقعيت‌درماني , خودمراقبتي , خودتنظيمي هيجاني , مردان معلول جسمي-حركتي
چكيده فارسي :
هدف پژوهش حاضر تعيين تأثير آموزش واقعيت‌درماني بر خودمراقبتي و خودتنظيمي هيجاني مردان معلول جسمي-حركتي بود. پژوهش حاضر از نظر روش نيمه آزمايشي با طرح پيش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه است. جامعه آماري اين پژوهش شامل كليه‌اي مردان 20 تا 35 ساله معلول جسمي-حركتي مراجعه‌كننده به آسايشگاه معلولين شادگان در سال 1397 بود. از ميان جامعه آماري با استفاده از روش هدفمند و بر اساس نمرات پرسشنامه‌هاي رفتارهاي خودمراقبتي و پرسشنامه خودتنظيمي هيجاني در پيش‌آزمون، 30 نفر كه ملاك‌هاي ورود به مطالعه را داشتند انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفي در 2 گروه، 15 نفره آزمايش و گواه تقسيم شدند و تنها گروه آزمايشي، آموزش واقعيت‌درماني را به مدت 8 جلسه 90 دقيقه‌اي دريافت كردند و گروه گواه مداخله‌اي دريافت نكردند. جهت تجزيه
و تحليل داده‌ها از تحليل كوواريانس با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS-22 استفاده شد. نتايج نشان داد كه بين گروه آزمايشي و گروه گواه در هر دو متغير خودمراقبتي و خودتنظيمي هيجاني تفاوت معني‌دار وجود دارد. بر اين اساس آموزش واقعيت‌درماني بر خودمراقبتي و خودتنظيمي هيجاني مردان معلول جسمي-حركتي مؤثر است.
چكيده لاتين :
Method
This research aims practical purposes, using semi-experimental method that contains pre-test, post-test control group. The statistical population of this research consists of 20 to 35 year-old men with physical disabilities that have attended Shadegan Sanatorium in 2018. Due to the results of pre-test 30 cases satisfied the conditions of research. 15 of these cases were assigned to control group.
Instruments
Scale of Self-Care Behaviors: This questionnaire is designed by Toobert and Glascow (1994), cited in Skarbek (2006) to measure dedication of self-care behavior. This questionnaire contains 12 questions that should be answered in a Likert spectrum in 5 degrees (always to never). Reliability coefficient was calculated, using Cronbach's alpha method that equals 0.78.
Self-Regulation Questionnaire: Self-Regulation Questionnaire of Hofmann and Kahdan (2010) contains 20 questions that should be answered in Likert spectrum with 5 degrees (completely true to completely wrong). The reliability coefficient of Cronbach's alpha was 0.79.
Kind of intervention
In order to run the research, first of all the Sanatorium's authorities and disable men were informed about the process of the research in pre-test, Self-Care Scale of Toobert and Glascow (1994) and Self-Regulation Questionnaire of Hofmann and Kahdan. Secondly, cases were informed and prepared for the research. After that, cases were assigned to research groups. The experimental group attended 8 sessions (each 90 minutes) of reality therapy. This therapy was built on the basis of Glasers’ treatment.
Results
Average results of self-care pre-test in experimental group was 30.22 and in control group was 28.84, and post-test results showed 48.17 in experimental group and 40.16 in control group. Self-regulation variable measured in pre-test showed 42.41 in experimental group and 16.40 in control group’ and results in post-test were 69.87 in experimental group and 41.09 in control group.
Testing the assumption of same regression slopes showed (F = 0.62, p < 0.44) in self-care and (F = 0.09, p < 0.87) in self-regulation. Hence, the assumption is admitted. Results of Levine test in self-care variable was (F = 1.3, p < 0.14) and in self-regulation variable was (F = 2.9, p < 0.09). On the basis of these results the assumption of equal variances is admitted.
MANCOVA analysis that was performed on groups' data distinguished that experimental group and control group were not equal at least in one of dependent variables (F = 68.133, p < 0.001). Also one-way co-variance analysis determined that both self-care and self-regulation variables were significantly different in the two groups. Therefore, reality therapy was effective on self-care and self-regulation of men with physical disabilities.
Conclusion
Results showed that there is a significant difference in self-care and self-regulation of experimental and control groups. In the other words, self-care and self-regulation was significantly increased in experimental group in comparison to control group. Therefore, reality therapy was effective on self-care and self-regulation of men with physical disabilities. Results of this research could be useful for welfare organization and education organization.
