تاثير هشت هفته تمرين تناوبي شديد بر سطوح سرمي آنزيم تلومراز و پروتئين سيرتوئين شش در سالمندان

The Effect of Eight Weeks High Intensity Interval Training on Serum Levels of Telomerase Enzyme and Sirtuin 6 Protein in Aged Men

يكي از ﺳﺎزوﮐﺎرﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﯿﺮي ﮐﻮﺗﺎهﺷﺪن ﺗﻠﻮﻣﺮﻫﺎﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻠﯽ ازﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﺗﻠﻮﻣﺮاز و SIRT6 ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد. ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺆﺛﺮي در ﺑﻪﺗﺄﺧﯿﺮاﻧﺪاﺧﺘﻦ ﭘﯿﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، اﻣﺎ ﺳﺎزوﮐﺎر آن ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ؛ ﺑﺮاﯾﻦاﺳﺎس ، ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﺷﺪﯾﺪ )HIIT( ﺑﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ SIRT6 و آﻧﺰﯾﻢ ﺗﻠﻮﻣﺮاز در ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺪﯾﻦﻣﻨﻈﻮر ،20 ﻣﺮد ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﯽ 8 ± 63 ﺳﺎل، وزن 5/78 ± 71/03 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮدة ﺑﺪﻧﯽ 49/25 ± 24/3 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ و ﻗﺪ 5/92 ± 170/79 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ در دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و HIIT ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽ ﻫﺎ در ﮔﺮوه HIIT ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت 90 درﺻﺪ ﺿﺮﺑﺎن ﻗﻠﺐ ذﺧﯿﺮه ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺳﺖ و ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ، ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ دوﯾﺪن را ﺷﺮوع ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ و درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺖ و ﺷﺶ ﺗﮑﺮار رﺳﯿﺪﻧﺪ، اﻣﺎ ﺷﺪت ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻪ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ در ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و ﺑﻪﻣﺪت ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن دورة ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ، ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻮﻧﯽ ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎ روش اﻻﯾﺰا اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ از آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ و ﺗﯽ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﺳﯿﺮﺗﻮﺋﯿﻦ ﺷﺶ و آﻧﺰﯾﻢ ﺗﻠﻮﻣﺮاز را در ﮔﺮوهHIIT در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﺸﺎن داد؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﮐﺎﻫﺸﯽ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺗﻠﻮﻣﺮاز و ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﺳﯿﺮﺗﻮﺋﯿﻦ ﺷﺶ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻦ، ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺟﺒﺮان اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ و ﺑﻪﺗﺄﺧﯿﺮاﻧﺪاﺧﺘﻦ ﭘﯿﺮي ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺆﺛﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻣﺴﯿﺮ اﺛﺮﮔﺬاري ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ در اﻓﺮاد ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ را ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺗﺎﺣﺪودي ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ذﮐﺮﺷﺪه ﻧﺴﺒﺖ داد.

One of the major aging mechanism is telomere shortening that affected by factors such as telomerase and SIRT6. Exercise may have effective role in delaying aging and increase telomerase enzyme activity. However, these mechanisms are unknown. In this context, the aim of present study was to determine the effect of eight weeks high intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum levels of telomerase enzyme and SIRT6 protein in aged men. For this purpose, twenty aged men with average age of 63±8 years, 71.03±5.78 kg, body mass index 24.49±3.25 kg/m2 and height 170.79±5/92 cm assigned into two control and HIIT groups. Subjects in HIIT group beginning the sprint training program with intensity of 90% reserve heart rate with three sets and three repetitions, and finally reached to five sets and six repetitions, but intensity maintained. Training program perform three time in week for eight weeks. At the end of training period, blood samples collected and experimental factors measured with Elisa method. for data analyze, covariance analysis and dependent t test used. Results of present study represent significant increase in SIRT6 protein and telomerase enzyme in HIIT group than to control group. Therefor respect to downregulation of telomerase activity and SIRT6 protein with aging, exercise training can be effective in compensate this decrease and delaying aging, and effectiveness pathway of exercise training in aged people can be partly related to increase in mentioned factors (telomerase enzyme and SIRT6 protein