بررسي عملكرد ايمني كاركنان و عوامل جمعيت‌شناختي اثرگذار بر آن در يك پالايشگاه گازي

Investigation of Safety Performance of the Workers and the Effective Demographic Charactristics in a Gas Refinery

سابقه و هدف: با وجود پيشرفت‌هاي حاصل‌شده در زمينه‌ ايمني شغلي، هنوز حوادث شغلي بسياري در محيط‌هاي كاري اتفاق مي‌افتند كه بيشتر آن‌ها از عملكرد ايمني ضعيف كارگران ناشي مي‌شوند. شناخت عوامل اثرگذار بر عملكرد ايمني، راهنماي مناسبي براي برنامه‌ريزي پيشگيري از حوادث شغلي خواهد بود. در اين راستا، مطالعه‌ حاضر با هدف سنجش و تعيين عوامل جمعيت‌شناختي اثرگذار بر عملكرد ايمني كاركنان انجام شد. مواد و روش‌‌ها: مطالعه مقطعي- تحليلي حاضر در ارتباط با 487 نفر از كاركنان يك پالايشگاه گازي در سال 1397 انجام شد. به‌منظور سنجش عملكرد ايمني از نسخه‌ فارسي پرسشنامه Neal و Griffin بهره گرفته شد و براي سنجش ويژگي‌هاي جمعيت‌شناختي از پرسشنامه‌ پژوهشگرساخته استفاده گرديد. علاوه‌براين به‌منظور اطمينان از روايي و پايايي پرسشنامه عملكرد ايمني، ابتدا ويژگي‌هاي روان‌سنجي پرسشنامه سنجيده شد و در ادامه، ارتباط بين ويژگي‌هاي جمعيت‌شناختي و عملكرد ايمني با استفاده از آزمون‌هاي آماري تحليل واريانس يك‌طرفه و آزمون تي مستقل با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS 23 مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. يافته‌ها: نتايج اوليه مطالعه نشان دادند كه پرسشنامه‌ عملكرد ايمني مورد استفاده از روايي و پايايي لازم براي انجام مطالعه برخوردار است. نتايج كلي نيز حاكي از آن بودند كه عملكرد ايمني كاركنان وضعيت مطلوبي دارد. شايان ذكر است كه از بين ويژگي‌هاي جمعيت‌شناختي مورد بررسي، سن و تجربه ‌كاري ارتباط معناداري با عملكرد ايمني داشتند (0/05

Background and Objective: Despite the advances in occupational safety, many accidents still occur in the workplace, most of which are due to the poor safety performance of the workers. The knowledge of the factors affecting safety performance is a suitable guide regarding the plan developments for occupational accident prevention. Therefore, this study was conducted to measure and determine demographic factors affecting the safety performance of workers Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out on 487 workers working at a gas refinery in 2018. The Persian version of the Neal and Griffin questionnaires were used in order to measure their safety performance. Moreover, demographic characteristics were measured by a researcher-made questionnaire. Psychometric properties of this questionnaire were initially measured to ensure the validity and reliability of the safety performance questionnaire. In addition, the relationship between demographic characteristics and safety performance was assessed using SPSS software (version 23) through one-way ANOVA and independent sample t-test. Results: The primary results of this study showed that the safety performance questionnaire had desirable validity and reliability. Moreover, the safety performance of workers was at the desired level. According to the results obtained from the demographic characteristics, safety performance was correlated significantly with age and job experience (P<0.05). In other words, low experienced and younger workers had a poor safety performance, compared to the elderly ones. Conclusion: Considering the poor safety performance of young and low experienced workers, compared to the older and high experience ones, it is necessary to pay more attention to these two groups in the development of safety plans in the workplace.