پراكنش جغرافيايي سرطان گوارشي و ارتباط آن با نيترات خاك در سكونتگاه‌هاي روستايي (مطالعۀ موردي؛ روستاهاي شهرستان اردبيل)

Geographical Distribution Gastrointestinal Cancer and its Relation with Soil Nitrate Rural Settlement (Case study: Ardabil County)

اين پژوهش براي مطالعۀ ارتباط ميزان تجمع نيترات خاك در مناطق مختلف دشت اردبيل با ميزان سرطان هاي گوارشي (كلون، مري، معده و رودۀ كوچك) انجام شده است. جهت انجام تحقيق از خاك هاي 34 روستاي حومۀ اردبيل به‌طور تصادفي (از هر روستا 3 نمونه) نمونه برداري شده و به آزمايشگاه خاكشناسي جهت اندازه گيري ميزان نيترات منتقل گرديد. موقعيت مكاني نمونه ها با استفاده از دستگاه GPS مشخص و نقشۀ مربوطه با استفاده از تكنيك GIS تهيه گرديد. همزمان پرسشنامه اي نيز در بين كشاورزان روستاهاي مورد مطالعه توزيع و تكميل گرديد. داده هاي حاصل از نتايج آزمايشگاه و پرسشنامه با استفاده از نرم افزاز spss19 تجزيه و تحليل گرديده و همبستگي صفات مورد مطالعه نيز بررسي شد و ارتباط بين ميزان مصرف و تجمع نيترات از خاك مزارع نيز با استفاده از آزمون T-test مطالعه گرديد. ميانگين نيترات خاك مزارع دشت اردبيل بيشتر از استاندارد توصيه شده و برابر با 414 ميلي گرم در كيلوگرم بود. نتايج نشان داد كه عوامل ميزان نيترات خاك و نيترات مصرفي در هر هكتار بر شيوع سرطان گوارشي تاثير دارد (p<0.05). براساس نتايج حاصل مشخص شد كه سرطان گوارشي در نواحي شمال و شمال باختري دشت پراكنده بوده و گسترش جغرافيايي آن منطبق با نوع خاك حاوي نيترات است.

Introduction Despite the remarkable advances in medical science, Cancer is still one of the most important diseases in the present centuries and is the second important cause in the morality after the cardiovascular disease. Cancer is the third cause of morality in Iran. A more than 30000 people lose their life in year in Iran. This rate is reported 132 and 96 per 100000 for man and women in Ardabil province. In the geographic region of Ardabil, upper gastrointestinal cancers include more than %45 of the total cancer in the province, and also more than %50 of the cancer-related deaths associated with the upper gastrointestinal tract in Ardabil province. Methodology This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of method is a descriptive surveyanalytical type. The statistical population of all villages in Ardabil city is through randomsystematic random sampling among them by means of sample size estimation method for approximately 50 villages in Ardabil city and taking into account 3 random fields per village. Total number Society 150. Out of this number of statistical population, 103 valid questionnaires from 120 distributed questionnaires were analyzed. As a result, 34 villages were selected among different regions of Ardabil city, and at least 3 soil samples from each village were cultured. Then the spatial data was transferred to GIS software and analyzed. Results and Discussion Approximately %66 of the measured samples showed that the nitrate values measured from potato samples in 34 villages were higher than the standard. The amount of fertilizer used in the villages of Ardebil plain showed that high values are used in different parts of the city. Dijwijin village with the highest consumption of fertilizer, Qasem Gheshlaghi and Hakim Gheshlaghi with the lowest consumption. The survey shows that fertilizer is based on the expert work and sampling of soil and in neighboring villages, although the soil nitrate is close, different nitrate values have been used. Conclusion The data from laboratory and questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS19 software and the correlation of studied traits was studied. The relationship between consumption and nitrate accumulation from the soil was also studied by T-test. Average soil nitrate fields and plains Ardabil more than standard equal to 414 mg per kilogram. The results showed that soil nitrate and nitrate consumption per hectare factors on the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer affects (p<0.05).