برنامه ريزي فضاهاي اجراي كار منابع ساخت در سطح خرد با استفاده از فناوري مدل سازي اطلاعات ساخت بيم (BIM)

WORKSPACE PLANNING OF CONSTRUCTION RESOURCE IN MICRO-LEVEL PROJECTS BY BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM

برنامه ريزي فعاليت ها فقط بر مبناي زمان و هزينه و بدون درنظر گرفتن فضاهاي موردنياز اجراي كار، منجر به تداخل فضاي كار منابع ساخت، كاهش بهره وري و در نتيجه انحراف از برنامه ي پيش بيني شده مي شود. در اين راستا، برنامه ريزي چندبعدي فضاهاي اجراي كار در بستر فناوري اطلاعات ساختمان و قبل از شروع عمليات ساخت، درك كامل تري از شرايط مذكور را فراهم مي آورد. پژوهش حاضر، با ارايه ي يك مدل پنج بعدي از فضاهاي موردنياز، تعداد و اندازه ي تداخلات بين آن ها را بر مبناي زمان شبيه سازي مي كند. فرايند پژوهش در سه مرحله ي: 1. توليد مدل اوليه (اطلاعات زماني و هزينه يي فعاليت ها)، 2. تعريف و تخصيص فضاهاي كاري فعاليت هاي ساخت 3. شبيه سازي تصويري و تشخيص تداخلات فضايي تعريف شده است. فرايند طراحي شده در پروژه ي موردي (سطح خرد) پياده سازي شد و آناليز اطلاعات به دست آمده، ضريب همبستگي هم جهت و موثري را بين متغيرهايي، مانند: تعداد فعاليت ها، تعداد و مجموع فاصله ي تداخلات نشان داد.

Construction resources in addition to identifying project's time and cost, sets up a unique spatial requirement in the project life cycle. The dynamic nature of construction resources leads to confined spatial conditions along with the project progresses. Incomprehension of the workspace condition and spatial-time conflicts lead to a considerable decrease in productivity and efficiency of working teams. Reduced efficiency of contractors alters temporal specifications such as critical path, duration and sequence of activities as well as budget planning of the entire project. Building Information Modeling (BIM) make a better understanding rather than activity-based scheduling techniques by covering the simultaneous cost, time and spatial information of activities. The Five-Dimensional Computer-Aided Design (5D CAD) model in this research, quantifies the number and the distance of spatial interference and also highlights space critical level of construction components and its corresponding resources on a daily basis. To conduct the research, an innovative three-phased modelling methodology was deigned: preparation of basis model, definition and allocation of workspaces, and finally simulation and detection of spatiotemporal conflicts. This investigation has started the initial stage of preparation information model through the generation and linking of two Product and Work Breakdown structures (PBS and WBS). The cost and Time required for creation of 5D CAD models are calculated by resource analysis and work-group efficiency rate. In proposed model, work execution space is simulated by BIM accessible software on a daily level and time-space conflicts are recorded automatically.This research by presentation of a novel methodology linked the graphical and non-graphical data together and made visual 5D workspace planning of construction resource and their interaction. The main purpose of this system is to contribute promoting planners' understanding about the potential spatial conflicts based on the overlapping duration and simulation of activities workspace according to the real situation. Proposed methodology was evaluated by implementing it in a real case (Micro-level project) and analyzing data obtained from it. Finally, the correlation coefficient between the variable such as number of activities, clashes number, and conflict distances in per day was assessed and an effective dependency in the same direction was perceived. The result of real case modelling demonstrates that the collisions of executive resource workspaces are occurred approximately in a quarter of project days with the average conflict distances of 2.3 meter.