سير انفسي در ديوان حافظ از منظر تحليل گفتمان انتقادي

Introversive Revolution in Hafiz Poetry Works from the Perspective of CDA

ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺳﺮاﯾﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﮥ ادﺑﯿﺎت ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﯽ در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺷﺎﻋﺮان ﭘﺎرﺳﯽﺳﺮا راﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﮥ ﺳﻌﺎدت ﺑﺸﺮ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﺮﻧﺪه و ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه از آن و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﻮع ﻣﻮﺿﻊﮔﯿﺮي وي در ﻗﺒﺎل ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯿﻢ ﺻﺤﯿﺢ و ﻧﺎﺻﺤﯿﺢ رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺳﻌﺎدت و ﺳﯿﺮ اﻧﻔﺴﯽ، ﻋﻘﺎﯾﺪ ﻧﺎب و درﺧﻮر ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ دارد. در اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎر ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ و ﻋﻤﯿﻖﺗﺮ اﯾﻦ آرا از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪﻫﺎ و روشﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ رواﺑﻂ ﻣﯿﺎن ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن و ﺗﺤﻮﻻت اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس دو ﻏﺰل از ﺣﺎﻓﻆ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ، ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ واﮐﺎوي ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺣﺎﻓﻆ آﻣﯿﺰهاي از ﺗﻐﺰّل و ﺗﻌﻘّﻞ اﺳﺖ و ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ آن ﺑﺪون ﻗﺮآن ﮐﺎري ﻋﺒﺚ و ﺑﯽ ﻓﺎﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺳﯿﺮ اﻧﻔﺴﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺣﺎﻓﻆ، ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪي ﺧﺮد ﻣﺤﻮر و ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮاﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ زﻫﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺎت دارد. اﯾﻦ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ، ﻧﻪ ﭘﺮورﺷﯽ و ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺮﺷﺪ، ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﮕﻮ و راﻫﻨﻤﺎﺳﺖ و او ﻫﯿﭻ ﺳﯿﻄﺮهاي ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻟﮏ ﻧﺪارد.

Hafiz, as a prominent face among mystical Persian poets, offers outstanding tips about the prosperity of mankind and its promoting and deterrent factors, and either true or false teaches how to achieve prosperity and introversive revolution. In order to understand the views more clearly, this paper has deployed the method of CDA which includes theoretical and experimental procedures to investigate the relationship between discourse and social and cultural developments. Accordingly, two samples of Hafiz sonnets were studied through the three stages description, interpretation, and articulation. This analysis showed that Hafiz is a mixture of lyricism and sense, interpretation of which apart from Quran is non-sense. Hafiz believes in introversive revolution as a rational practice which is incompatible with asceticism. The nature of this procedure is to eliminate the redundancies rather than piling up a mass of empty talk, through which the mentor just acts as a pioneer, non-dominant over the voyager at all. some of Hafiz sonnets were studied through the three stages description, interpretation, and articulation. This analysis showed that Hafiz is a mixture.