بررسي مباني و ابعادي از الهيات ايدئاليستي جوسايا رويس

Investigation of some Principles and Dimensions of Josiah Royce's Idealistic Theology

در اين نوشتار با رجوع به مباني انديشه رويس، الهيات او تبيين و تحليل مي شود. رويس تحت تاثير ايدياليسم شخص گرا، انسان را بخشي از فرايند كيهاني مي داند كه اهداف حقيقت زنده و عيني (خداوند) را محقق مي سازد. به نظر او ايدياليسم قابليت اين را دارد كه تفسيري نوين از الهيات مسيحي ارايه دهد؛ به طوري كه با زندگي پوياي انسان معاصر همخواني داشته باشد. در فلسفه رويس امكان ارايه الگويي براي تعامل علم و دين هست، زيرا او با تمايز گذاردن ميان تجربه حسي روزمره و تجربه سازمان يافته علمي، تمام تجارب ممكن و بالفعل را ابژه هاي ذهن مطلق الهي ميداند و تلاش علمي بشر در زمينه اختراعات و اكتشافات را موجب عينيت بخشيدن امكانات نهفته در علم الهي مي داند. رويس حتي تعهد وفادارانه دانشمندان و صاحبان مشاغل به جامعه بشري را نوعي از تجربه ديني (در معناي موسع) مي داند و تصوير جديدي از كليساي نامريي ارايه مي دهد.

In this article, by referring to the foundations of Royce's thought, his theology is explained and analyzed. Influenced, on the one hand, by personal idealism, Royce construes man as a part of cosmic process that achieves the goals of living and objective truth (God), and on the other hand, points out that every human being has his own unique talent. Thus in spite of absolute idealism, he attaches importance to individual differences. In his view, idealism has the potential to provide a new interpretation of Christian theology; so it comes terms with the active life of contemporary man. In Royce's philosophy it is possible to provide a model for the interaction between science and religion; because he distinguishes the everyday sensory experience and organized scientific experience. He considers all possible and actual experiences as objects of the absolute divine mind that will be actualized by human’s scientific endeavor in the context of inventions and discoveries. Royce even maintains that the loyal commitment of scientists and business owners to society as a kind of religious experience (in the broadest sense) and thereby offers a new image of the invisible church.