ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺼﺮّﻓﺎت ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ در ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺖﻫﺎي ﻏﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺜﻨﻮي ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت

Review of Rumi's Modification in Masnavi Lyrical Stories with Three Different Approaches

ﺗﺮدﯾﺪي ﻧﯿﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ در ﺳﺮاﯾﺶ ﻣﺜﻨﻮي، وامدار ﻣﺘﻮن ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﯽ و ﺣﮑﻤﯽ ﭘﯿﺶ از ﺧﻮد اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد اﯾﻦ، ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﮐﻪ ﭼﺮا ﻣﺜﻨﻮي ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺷﺎﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي ﺑﯽ ﺑﺪﯾﻞ ادب ﭘﺎرﺳﯽ اﺳﺖ، ﺳﺎلﻫﺎ ذﻫﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه را ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﻮد ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺒﻮغ داﺳﺘﺎنﭘﺮدازي ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ اﺧﻼف ﺧﻮد، ﯾﮑﯽ از دﻻﯾﻞ ﺑﺮﺗﺮي اﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺎﯾﺪ ﻫﯿﭻ ﺷﺎﻋﺮي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺣﺪ در دﻗﺎﯾﻖ داﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺼﺮّف ﻧﮑﺮده اﺳﺖ. او ﮔﺎه داﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ را ﻗﺒﺾ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ اﯾﺠﺎز و اﺧﺘﺼﺎر، ﺑﯿﺎن ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ و ﮔﺎه ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺘﯽ را ﺑﺴﻂ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ و آن را در ﭼﻨﺪ ﺻﺪ ﺑﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﺎن ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﮐﻪ ﭼﺮا ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر داﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﻼف ﻣﺂﺧﺬ آن، ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺗﺼﺮﻓﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ و ﭼﺮا ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر داﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎ را درﻫﻢ ﻣﯽﺷﮑﻨﺪ؟ از اﻫﺪاف اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﭼﻬﺎر داﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺜﻨﻮي ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪاﻧﺪ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺼﺮّﻓﺎت ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ را در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺎت )اﺻﻠﯽ و ﻓﺮﻋﯽ(، ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ روﯾﮑﺮد )اﯾﺠﺎز، اﻃﻨﺎب، ﻣﺴﺎوات( ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﮥ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﺾ و ﺑﺴﻂ )اﯾﺠﺎز و اﻃﻨﺎب( داﺳﺘﺎن در ﻣﺜﻨﻮي، ﮐﺎﻣﻼً آﮔﺎﻫﺎﻧﻪ و ﺑﺎ اﻫﺪاف ﻣﺸﺨﺼﯽ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ در داﺳﺘﺎنﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ ﻓﮑﺮ ﮐﺮده و اﻧﺪﯾﺸﯿﺪه داﺳﺘﺎن را ﻣﯽﺳﺮاﯾﺪ. ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر داﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎ دﻗﯿﻖ اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﻫﯿﭻ ﻋﻨﺼﺮي از آن را ﻧﻤﯽﺗﻮان ﺣﺬف ﮐﺮد. و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ، ﻫﻤﮥ ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺎت اﺻﻠﯽ و ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪي ﺟﺪاﻧﺸﺪﻧﯽ در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺎت ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺧﻮد ﻣﯽآﯾﻨﺪ.

There is no doubt, Mowlana's poetry beholden of mystical and wisdom texts. However, the answer, to this question, why Masnavi is one of the exquisite masterpieces of Persian Literature, has long considered the mind of researcher's in this area. The genius of Mowlana's tale "is one of the reasons for this effect." Probably no poet like Mowlana hasn't taken modification of story, he sometimes writes a story with brevity and he sometimes writes a story redundance, the answer to this question, why Mowlana, on the structure of stories break down on the basis of it. Is one of the main objectives of this article in paper, the authors analyzed four stories and remark Mowlana's Modification in story of anecdotes with three different approaches, the result has been obtained that brevity and redundance in story conscious and specific goals. Mowlana is thinking in fiction and writes the story. The stories are accurate and no element of it can be omitted. It is finally observed that all anacdotes are inextricably inter twined.