ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺮاﻧﮥ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ

Analysis and Study of Contemporary Persian Song

در آﯾﯿﻨﮥ ادب ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ، ﺗﺮاﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﻮاره اﺻﻄﻼﺣﯽ ﻋﺎم ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ اﻧﻮاع ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﺮيِ ﻣﻠﺤﻮن ﯾﺎ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ )ﺑﻪوﯾﮋه ﻓﻬﻠﻮﯾﺎت، دوﺑﯿﺘﯽ، رﺑﺎﻋﯽ و ﺑﯿﺖ( اﻃﻼق ﻣﯽﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺮاﻧﮥ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ در اﺑﺘﺪاي ﺳﺪة اﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮة ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺳﺮوده ﻣﯽﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﺷﻌﺮي ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ادﺑﯿﺎت دورة ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺖ و اﻧﮕﯿﺰة ﺗﻘﻠﯿﺪ و اﺣﯿﺎي دوران ﺷﮑﻮﻫﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎن در ﺑﻪوﺟﻮدآﻣﺪن ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎي ﺷﯿﺪا و ﻋﺎرف ﻗﺰوﯾﻨﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ وﯾﮋهاي داﺷﺖ. در اواﺳﻂ ﻗﺮن، ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﻧﻮﮔﺮاﯾﯽ در ﺗﺮاﻧﻪ و ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﮐﺮد و ﻧﻮﻋﯽ ﺗﺎزه را ﺑﻨﯿﺎن ﻧﻬﺎد. ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺳﯿﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻮل در ﺗﺮاﻧﻪﻫﺎي دوران ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺮاﻧﻪاي ﮐﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﮔﺬر از ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ دوران اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، ﺟﻨﮓﻫﺎ و ﺻﻠﺢﻫﺎ، آراﻣﺶﻫﺎ و ﺟﻨﺒﺶﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻧﻘﻼب اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ ﺧﻮرد و ﺑﻪ آﻧﭽﻪ اﻣﺮوز ﺷﺎﻫﺪ آن ﻫﺴﺘﯿﻢ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ زﺑﺎن ﺗﺮاﻧﮥ اﻣﺮوز ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺶ از اﻧﻘﻼب ﺻﻤﯿﻤﯽ و ﻫﻤﻪ ﻓﻬﻢﺗﺮ ﺷﺪهاﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺗﺤﻮﻻت اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ روزﮔﺎر ﻣﺎﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي درك ﺑﻬﺘﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم، ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﯿﺎز، ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪاي از ﺗﺮاﻧﻪﺳﺮاﯾﯽ و ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻔﯽ از ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ اﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﮥ ادﺑﯽ ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﺎﯾﯽ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪهاﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ از اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﺑﺮاي درك ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪ و ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ و روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﺮده اﺳﺖ

In Persian literature, song has always been a generic term that refers to a variety of music-accompanied poetic formats (especially Fahlaviat, couplet, Rubaie, and Beat). The contemporary song was written in the traditional way at the beginning of the last century. This poetic form was influenced by the literature of the return period and the impetus to imitate and revive the glorious era of ancient music played a special role in the emergence of the styles of Ali Akbar Khan Sheida and Aref Ghazvini. In the middle of the century, however, the modernist movement permeated Persian song and music and established a new kind. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the evolution of contemporary songs. A song that transcended the Islamic Revolution of Iran after the historical developments of the Islamic era, wars and peace, movements and became what we are seeing today. Ultimately, the language of today's tranquility seems to have become more intimate than before the revolution, which is due to the social and cultural developments of our society today. To better understand this concept - as needed - a brief history of songwriting and definitions of the fundamental concepts of this literary branch of music is provided. This research is a descriptive-analytic one that uses library tools to understand the history and view past research and content analysis.