نقش نگرش روستائيان نسبت به طرح هاي آبخيزداري بر مشاركت آنها (مطالعه موردي حوزه آبخيز سعيدآباد كياسر)

Role of villagers' attitudes to watershed plans on their participation(Case Study: Saeed Abad Kiuser Watershed

ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺟﻠﺐ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن ﯾﮏ ﺣﻮزه آﺑﺨﯿﺰ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺮﮐﺖ در ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي آﺑﺨﯿﺰداري، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔـﺬا ر ﺑﺎﯾـﺪ ﻣـﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﻗـﺮار ﮔﯿـﺮد ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻧﮕﺮش روﺳﺘﺎﺋﯿﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي آﺑﺨﯿﺰداري ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ آﻧﻬﺎ )ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي ﺣﻮزه آﺑﺨﯿﺰ ﺳﻌﯿﺪآﺑﺎد ﮐﯿﺎﺳﺮ( ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ- ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣـﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ را ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺎﻧﻮار ﺣﻮزه آﺑﺨﯿﺰ ﺳﻌﯿﺪآﺑﺎد 343 N=( ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دادهاﻧﺪ. اﻧﺪازه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ وﺳـﯿﻠﻪ ﻓﺮﻣـﻮل ﮐـﻮﮐﺮان ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد 157 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ ﮔﯿـﺮي ﺗﺼـﺎدﻓﯽ ﻃﺒﻘـﻪ اي اﻧﺘﺨـﺎب ﺷـﺪﻧﺪ . ﺑـﺮاي ﮔﺮدآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ آن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ ﻓﻦ و ﺻﺎﺣﺐﻧﻈﺮان ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻘﺪار آﻟﻔﺎ ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﯿﻦ 0/75 ﺗﺎ 0/89 ﺑﻮد. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد دﻓﻌﺎت ﺷﺮﮐﺖ در دورهﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ 1 ﺑﺎر ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﭘﺎﺳـﺨﮕﻮﯾﺎن در ﻃـﺮح ﻫـﺎي آﺑﺨﯿﺰداري و ﻧﮕﺮش روﺳﺘﺎﺋﯿﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي آﺑﺨﯿﺰداري در ﺣﺪ زﯾﺎد ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣـﺪه از ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ رﮔﺮﺳـﯿﻮن ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﮐـﻪ 29 درﺻﺪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺑﻪ وﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد ﺑـﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪ رﯾـﺰي دﻗﯿـﻖ و اﯾﺠﺎد ﻧﮕﺮش ﻣﻄﻠﻮب در روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯿﺎن ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ آنﻫﺎ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ، اﺟﺮا و ارزﺷﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي آﺑﺨﯿﺰداري اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد

In order to participate in the watershed plans, the effective factors should be considered. The study aimed at investigating the role of villagers' attitudes to watershed plans on their participation (Case study: Saeed abad Kiasar Watershed). This study is a practical research that do in the form of correlation-descriptive method. Statistical population comprised head of families (N= 343) from saeedabad watershed basin. The sample size was calculated using the Cochran formula in an attempt to recruit 157 individuals as prospective participants. The stratified random sampling was employed in this study. A questionnaire was used to collect data; its validity was confirmed by experts and scholars. Cronbach's alpha was reported between 0.75-0.89 for the questionnaire. The average number of times in training courses has been 1 times. The average participation of villagers in watershed plans and attitude were at a high level. The regression analysis showed that 29 percent participation variance was explained by attitude. According to the achieved results of the research, It is recommended that by carefully planning and creating a favorable attitude in villagers, their participation in the design, implementation and evaluation of watershed plans can be used.