طراحي الگوي بهينه حمل و نقل صيفي جات در شبكه راه هاي روستايي استان خراسان رضوي

Optimal Vegetables Transportation Network in Rural Areas of Khorasan Razavi Province

ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪﺳﺎزي ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي، ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺎزارﯾﺎﺑﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ و ﺑﻪ اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳـﻮدآوري ﺗﻮﻟﯿـﺪ ﺑـﺮا ي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯿﺎن ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﯽﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮه ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺻﯿﻔﯽﺟﺎت در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮي، اﻧﺘﻘﺎل آن ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰم وﺟﻮد ﯾﮏ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﮐـﺎرا ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ آن اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﻃﺮاﺣـﯽ ﯾـﮏ ﺷـﺒﮑﻪ ﺑﻬﯿﻨـﻪ ﺑـﺮاي ﺣﻤـﻞ و ﻧﻘـﻞ ﺻـﯿﻔﯽ ﺟـﺎت ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ، ﮐﺪو، ﺧﯿﺎر و ﺑﺎدﻣﺠﺎن، از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪي در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﺎ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾـﻪ اﻃﻼﻋـﺎت ﺳـﺎل 96-1395 ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر از اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ دارا ي 35 ﻧﻘﻄـﻪ ﻣﺒـﺪأ و 49 ﻧﻘﻄـﻪ ﻣﻘﺼﺪ و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺣﺬف ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﻣﺴﯿﺮﻫﺎ و ﺣﻤﻞ وﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻀـﺎﻋﻒ و اﻓـﺰودن ﺑﺮﺧـﯽ ﻣﺴﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ در ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﯾﯽ را دارﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ اﻟﮕﻮ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮريﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺣﺘﺴﺎب ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮي ﭘـﻨﺞ درﺻـﺪ اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ در ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ و 30 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ آﻻت ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ 1/45 و 1/25 درﺻﺪي ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺣﻢ و ﻧﻘﻞ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ اﻧﺠﺎﻣﯿﺪ

Optimizing the transportation of agricultural products plays an important role in reducing production costs and helps reduce the market margin of these products. Khorasan Razavi province is one of the major provinces of country in the production of vegetables. Due to the wide range of vegetables produced in the province, an efficient transportation network is required in order to increase the productivity of machinery and reduce the associated costs. The aim of the present study is to design an optimal network for transporting these products from production areas in the province to maintenance centers and ultimate consumption areas in year 2016. To this end, the mathematical programming models of transportation have been used. Based on this, a combined transportation was designed that has 45 origin notes and 49 destination notes and a number of mid-nodes including warehouse and refrigerator. The results of the study showed that approximately 22.51% of the shipping costs would be reduced if the optimal routes provided by the model were used. Finally, in order to analyze the susceptibility of the model, two scenarios with the deviations from the optimal model were solved that results indicated that increasing demand for vegetables will increase transportation costs, while increase in production and capacity of machinery will reduce shipping costs.