ارزش گذاري اقتصادي خدمات تفريحي منابع محيط زيست (مطالعه موردي: روستاي رودمعجن تربت حيدريه؛ استان خراسان رضوي)

Economic valuation of recreational services of environmental resources(Case study: Rudmajan Torbate Heidarieh Village, Razavi Khorasan Province

ارزشﮔﺬاري ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدﻫﺎ و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻏﯿﺮ ﺑﺎزاري ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ دﻻﯾﻞ زﯾﺎدي ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ اﻧﺴـﺎن ﻫـﺎ، ارا ﯾـ ﻪ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن و ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ و ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﺑﯽروﯾـﻪ ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌـﯽ اﻫﻤﯿـﺖ دارد . ﻫـﺪف از اﯾـﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ارزش ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺤﯽ روﺳﺘﺎي رودﻣﻌﺠﻦ از ﺗﻮاﺑﻊ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﺮﺑﺖﺣﯿﺪرﯾﻪ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎنرﺿـﻮي ﻣـﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ . دو ﻧـﻮع ﻣﺘﻔـﺎوت روشﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ، ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ارزش ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺤﯽ وﺟﻮد دارد: روش اول ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮت و روش دوم ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺨﻤـﯿﻦ ﺗﻮاﺑـﻊ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺢ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﻫﺮ دو روش اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ ﮔﯿـﺮي ﺗﺼـﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳـﺎده و از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ 100 ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ از ﺑﺎزدﯾﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن روﺳﺘﺎي رودﻣﻌﺠﻦ در ﺳﺎل 1396 ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﻟﮕﻮي رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن در ﺑﺮآورد ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ، ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي درآﻣﺪ ﺑﺎزدﯾﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪه، ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﺳﻔﺮ، ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻣﮑﺎن ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺎزدﯾﺪ ﻣﮑﺎن ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﮥ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑـﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺎزدﯾﺪ اﻓﺮاد از روﺳﺘﺎي رودﻣﻌﺠﻦ دارد و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازه ﺧﺎﻧﻮار، ﺳﻦ، ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت و ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑـﺮ ﺗﻌـﺪاد ﺑﺎزدﯾـﺪ اﻓـﺮاد از روﺳﺘﺎي رودﻣﻌﺠﻦ ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ. ﻣﺎزاد ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪه و ارزش ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺤﯽ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدل ﺑـﺎ 204347/82 و 71521737000 رﯾـﺎل ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ روش ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺢ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ، زﻣﺎن، ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺖ و ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮت ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺢ ﻣـﺆﺛﺮ ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ . ﻗﯿﻤـﺖ ﺳـﺎﯾﻪ اي ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺢ و ارزش ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺤﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 203007/693 و 71052692550 رﯾﺎل ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐـﻪ ارزش ﺑﺎﻻي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي روﺳﺘﺎي رودﻣﻌﺠﻦ را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ، ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎزدﯾﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن در ﮐﻨﺎر ﮔﺬراﻧﺪن اوﻗـﺎت ﻓﺮاﻏـﺖ ﺧـﻮد در اﯾـﻦ روﺳـﺘﺎ، ﺑـﺎ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻞ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ از ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ آن ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ

Evaluating non-market services and services for the environment for many reasons of understanding and understanding of the environmental and cultural goals of humans, providing the country's environmental issues to decision makers and planners, providing a link between economic policies and natural income, preventing Destruction and unnecessary exploitation of natural resources is important. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of recreational services in the village of Rudmajan from Torbate Heydarieh province, Khorasan Razavi province. There are two different types of methodology to determine the value of recreational services: The first method is based on the demand for travel function and the calculation of the willingness to pay for each passenger, and the second method is based on the estimation of recreational and final cost functions and the calculation of the entertainment shadow price. In this study, both methods were used. Data was collected by completing 100 questionnaires from RudMajan village visitors in 1396. The results of the regression model in estimating the demand function show that the income factor of the visitor, the travel cost, the cost of alternative travel and the number of visits to the alternative place have a meaningful relationship with the number of visitors from the village of Mijn. The factors affecting the size of the household, age, education, and gender have a meaning. There is no indication of the number of people visiting the village of Roodmagn. The consumption surplus was 204347.82 and the annual recreational value of this region was 71521737000 Rials. Also, the results of the recreational production function show that time, travel, travel expenses are effective in recreation production, and the cost of recreational shading is equal to 203007.693 Rials and the recreational value of this area is equal to 710526925.5 Rials.