نقش فعاليت هاي ترويج بر پذيرش آبياري قطره اي توسط باغداران شهرستان قائم شهر

The role of extension activities on drip irrigation acceptance by gardeners in Qaemshahr County

ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﺮوﺟﺎن در ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮدن ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﻏﺪاران ﺑﻮﯾﮋه ﻧﺤﻮه ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ آب و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻫﺎي ﻧـﻮﯾﻦ آﺑﯿـﺎري، ﺑﯿﺸـﺘﺮ از ﭘﯿﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش آﺑﯿـﺎري ﻗﻄـﺮه اي ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﺑﺎﻏـﺪاران ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻗﺎﺋﻢﺷﻬﺮاﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. 20299 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺑﺎﻏﺪاران ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻮده ﮐـﻪ 248 ﻧﻔـﺮ از آن ﻫـﺎ ﺑـﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان و ﺑﺎ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎده ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﻤﻊآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣ ﮥ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪاي ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ از دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ )ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﺎﻏﺪاران ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ـ ﺗﺮوﯾﺠﯽ، وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اراﯾﻪ آﻣـﻮزش ، ﻣﯿـﺰان اراﯾـﻪ ﻧﻮآوريﻫﺎ و ﻓﻨﺎوريﻫﺎ، ﻣﯿﺰان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ( و ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﺬﯾﺮش آﺑﯿﺎري ﻗﻄﺮهاي ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد. رواﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑـﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻈﺮات ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ اﺳـﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷـﺪه )0/718< AVE > 0/515( و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ )0/985< CR > 0/913(، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ داراي رواﯾﯽ ﻫﻤﮕﺮا و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑـﻮد . ﺑـﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ دادهﻫـﺎ از ﻧـﺮم اﻓـﺰار SPSS16 و Smart PLS2 ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑـﺮ ﻣﯿـﺰان ﭘـﺬﯾﺮش آﺑﯿـﺎري ﻗﻄﺮهاي ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺎﻏﺪاران ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ 0/616 داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي دﻗﯿـ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان از ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺬﯾﺮش آﺑﯿﺎري ﻗﻄﺮهاي و ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ از آب ﮐﺸﺎورزي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد.

The role of agricultural extension and extension agents in increasing the gardener's ability, especially the way water management and the use of new irrigation methods, are felt more than ever. In this regard, this study aimed at investigating the role of extension activities on drip irrigation acceptance by gardeners in Qaemshahr County, Mazandaran Province. 20299 members of gardeners were selected as the statistical population of the study, and 248 of whom were selected as the study sample based on Cochran's formula and with random sampling method. Data collection was done using a researcher-made questionnaire composed of two parts of extension (Gardener's attitudes towards extension training activities, the status of providing education, the amount of innovations and technologies, the amount of communication channels used) and rate of drip irrigation acceptance. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts' opinions. Also, based on the average variance extracted (0.515 >AVE< 0.718) and composite reliability (0.913 >CR < 0.985), the questionnaire had a convergent validity and appropriate reliability. SPSS16 and Smart PLS2 software were used to analyze the data. The achieved results of the research showed that extension had a significant impact on the rate of drip irrigation acceptance by gardeners (With path coefficient= 0.616). According to the achieved results of the research, It is recommended that by carefully planning, the potential of agricultural extension for accepting drip irrigation and the effective use of agricultural water be used.