پديد آورندگان :
ﻣﺠﺎورﯾﺎن ﻣﺠﺘﺒﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺳﺎري - ﮔﺮوه اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﮐﺸﺎورزي , حسيني يكاني علي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺳﺎري - ﮔﺮوه اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﮐﺸﺎورزي , زاﻫﺪﯾﺎن ﺗﺠﻨﮑﯽ رﻗﯿﻪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺳﺎري - ﮔﺮوه اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﮐﺸﺎورزي
چكيده فارسي :
ﺷﺎﻟﯿﮑﻮﺑﯽﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻠﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزي در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران ﺑﻪﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽآﯾﻨﺪ. ﻋﻠﯽرﻏﻢ ﺗﻌـﺪاد زﯾـﺎد اﯾﻦ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران، ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﻤﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳـﺖ. ﻫـﺪف از اﯾـﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ اﻫﺪاف ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد 167 ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ از ﺷﺎﻟﯿﮑﻮﺑﯽﻫـﺎي در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران در ﺳﺎل 1397 ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿـﺰان ﮐـﺎراﯾﯽ ﺷـﺎﻟﯿﮑﻮﺑﯽﻫـﺎ از اﻟﮕـﻮي ﺗﻮﺑﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﻟﮕﻮي ﺗﻮﺑﯿﺖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮه واﺣﺪ ﺗﻌﺪاد روزﻫـﺎي ﮐـﺎر، ﺳـﻬﻢ ﻫﺰﯾﻨـﻪ اﻧﺮژي از ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎ، ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﺎت ﺑﺎﻟﺎﺗﺮ از دﯾﭙﻠﻢ ﻣﺪﯾﺮ، ﺳﻦ ﻣﺪﯾﺮ، ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﮐﺎرﮔﺮان، ﺗﺒﻠﯿﻐﺎت و ﻣﺘﻐﯿـﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﺳـﺘﺎن )ﻋﺒـﺎسآﺑـﺎد، ﻧﻮﺷـﻬﺮ، ﭼﺎﻟﻮس و ﺗﻨﮑﺎﺑﻦ( ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 0/003 ،0/001 ،0/07- ، 0/003- ، 0/06- ، 0/11- و 0/08- ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در ﻣﯿـﺎن ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫـﺎي ذﮐﺮ ﺷﺪه، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺷﺎﻟﯿﮑﻮﺑﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد روزﻫﺎي ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ، ﺗﺒﻠﯿﻐﺎت، ﺳﻬﻢ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ اﻧﺮژي از ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎ و ﺳـﻦ ﻣـﺪﯾﺮ داراي اﺛـﺮ ﻣﻌﻨـﯽدار ﺑـﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ دارﻧﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﺛﺮﮔﺬاري ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﺎت ﻣـﺪﯾﺮ )ﺑـﺪون ﺳـﻮاد 0/04-(، ﺗﺒﻠﯿﻐـﺎت )0/032( و ﻣﮑـﺎن اﺳـﺘﻘﺮار ﺷﺎﻟﯿﮑﻮﺑﯽ )0/03-( ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎداﺗﯽ ﭼﻮن ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري دورهﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ ﺗﺴـﻬﯿﻠﺎت و ﺗﻐﯿﯿـﺮ وﺿـﻌﯿﺖ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪرن ﺑﺎ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺟﻮاﻧﺐ اراﺋﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ
چكيده لاتين :
Rice Mills are one of the oldest and most important agricultural conversion industries in Mazandaran province. Despite the large number of these units in Mazandaran province, so far little research has been done to measure their efficiency. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the efficiency of these units. To achieve the objectives of the study, 167 questionnaires were completed by random sampling from different cities of the Mazandaran province in 2018. The Tobit model was used to identify the factors affecting the performance of units. The results of Tobit model showed that the coefficients of potential unit capacity, the number of working days, the energy cost share of the costs, higher education than manager's diploma, manager's age, workers' training programs, advertising and city (Abbas Abad, Noshahr, Chalus and Tonekabon) variables, respectively 0.001, -0.003, -0.003, -0.06, -0.11 and -0.08 effect on efficiency. Among these, variables of paddy capacity, number of days of activity, advertising, share of energy costs and manager age have a significant effect on efficiency. The variables of manager's education (-0.04 uneducated), advertising (0.032) and location unit (-0.03) have the most impact on the efficiency of rice mills unit. Based on the results of this research, suggestions such as training courses, payment facilities and changing the status of traditional units to modern have been provided with all due regard.
