بررسي فقهي معرفي الگوهاي منفي در تربيت

A Jurisprudential Investigation of Introducing Negative Role Models in Education

يكي از شيوه هاي تربيتي اي كه مورد تاكيد قرآن نيز هست، نشان دادن مصاديق (الگوها) در كنار بيان مفاهيم است. مصاديق مطرح شده در قرآن شامل مصاديق مثبت (شخصيت هاي خوب) و مصاديق منفي (شخصيت هاي بد و گمراه) مي باشد. به طور كلي مي توان گفت كه يكي از روش هاي تربيتي قرآن «معرفي الگوهاي منفي» است. در اين روش مصاديق و اوصاف گمراهان و زشت كرداران بيان مي شود تا متربي با شناخت اين مصاديق و ويژگي هاي آنها از گام نهادن در طريق تباهي و هلاكت، پرهيز كند. در اين مقاله پس از بررسي فقهي لزوم معرفي شخصيت هاي منفي به عنوان يك روش تربيتي از منظر قرآن كريم و روايات اهل بيت، اشاره اي به محذور فقهي اين روش (الگو شدن شخصيت منفي) خواهد شد و در پايان راهكارهاي رفع اين محذور (بيان عاقبت افراد بد و مقايسه افراد بد و خوب) ارايه خواهد شد

One of the pedagogical methods highly emphasized by the Quran, in addition to explaining the concepts, is to show manifestations (models) to the trainee. The manifestations intended by the Quran include positive (good personalities) and negatives role models (bad and misled people). Generally speaking, it can be said that one of the pedagogical methods of the Quran is to make negative role models known to its audience. As per this method, the manifestations and characteristics of the misled people and evil-doers are explained so that the trainee, after knowing the manifestations and their characteristics, may avoid walking in the way which leads to his destruction. In this article, the need for introducing negative personalities as a pedagogical method has been examined from the viewpoint of the Quran and sayings of the Ahlulbayt (AS). As well, the jurisprudential problem associated with this method (bad people serving as models) has been discussed. In the end, solutions that address this problem (by explaining the consequences of bad deeds and comparing bad people with good ones) have been offered.