بررسي تحليل اثرات اقتصادي گردشگري شهري از ديدگاه شهروندان (مطالعه موردي: شهر بابلسر)

Analyzing economical effects of Urban tourism in viewpoint of citizens (Case study:Babolsar town

اﻣﺮوزه ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﭘﻮﯾﺎ و ﻓﺮاﮔﯿﺮ، ﻫﻤﻪ ارﮐﺎن وﺟﻮدي ﯾﮏ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ را در ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﭘﺪﯾﺪه اي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ از ﺗﺤﺮك ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ در ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﯿﺰﺑﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﺑﻠﺴﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي اراﺋﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد ﺗﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آن، ﺑﺘﻮان ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات ﻣﻨﻔﯽ آن را ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي از ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﺑﻠﺴﺮ در ﺳﺎل 1391 ﮐﻪ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺗﻌﺪاد 381 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ.ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ رواﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ آﻣﺎره ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ) ﺟﺪول ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ، ﻧﻤﻮدار و...( و آﻣﺎره اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ )آزﻣﻮن T( در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارspss ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي در ﺳﻄﺢ 0/05 و ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ داري 0/000 =pراﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮرﯾﮑﻪ 96/6 درﺻﺪ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي را ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﺎ ﺧﯿﻠﯽ زﯾﺎد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻧﻤﻮده اﻧﺪ

Nowdays tourism industry as a dynamic and comprehensive industry has incorporated all of the existential elements of a society and global system. Tourism as one of the most extensive world-wide industries & associated with global economy is a phenomenon having high dynamic in economic, political, social & environmental changes which bring about various effects & consequences by influencing on economics, social and environmental foundations. Due to this beliefs, in this study, the attitude host society has toward tourism economic effects in Babolsar has been studied & strategies are offered to develop tourism stably in order to reduce its negative impacts to a a minimum plus the benefits resulting from it .This research is a descriptive- analytical one & its statistical community includes Babolsar welling cities in 2012 & based on kocron Formula 381 individuals have been asked questions. After collecting field information through the questionnaire, the relations between study variables have been analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency table, group…) & inferential (T test) in spss software. The analysis conducted that there is a meaningful relation ship between the determined variables in each of the areas of tourism effects on economic development at 0.05 % level and meaningfulness level p=0.000. So that 96.6 percent of citizens have evaluated tourism effect in developing of economical components intermediate to excessive, intermediate to large.