بررسي پتانسيل توليد رسوب به روش هيدروفيزيكي با استفاده از سيستم اطلاعات جغرافيايي (GIS) در حوضه آبريز كارده

ﺣﻮﺿﻪ آﺑﺮﯾﺰ ﮐﺎرده از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ در ´36° ،37 ﺗﺎ ´36° ،58 ﻋﺮض ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ´59° ،26 ﺗﺎ ´59° ،37 ﻃﻮل ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺘﯽ ﺣﺪود 549 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﺷﺮﻗﯽ زون ﮐﭙﻪ داغ ﻗﺮار دارد. در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﺧﻄﺮ رﺳﻮب ﺳﺎزي و اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﻓﺮﺳﻮدﮔﯽ در ﺣﻮﺿﻪ آﺑﺮﯾﺰ ﮐﺎرده در ﺷﻤﺎل ﺷﺮق اﯾﺮان ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻫﯿﺪروﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ داده ﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ )(GIS و ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪات ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ 7 زﯾﺮﺣﻮﺿﻪ ﻫﯿﺪروﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻫﯿﺪروﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻫﯿﺪروﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ در ﺣﻮﺿﻪ )ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ، ﺷﯿﺐ، ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، زﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و ﻫﯿﺪروﻟﻮژي( ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻓﻮق ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ و درﺻﺪ رﺳﻮﺑﺪﻫﯽ ﻫﺮ زﯾﺮ ﺣﻮﺿﻪ ﺑﺮآورده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ زﯾﺮ ﺣﻮﺿﻪ ﺳﯿﺞ و آل ﺑﺎ 2122/1 ﺗﻦ در ﺳﺎل ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ رﺳﻮﺑﺪﻫﯽ و ﻓﯿﺮوز آﺑﺎد ﺑﺎ 93/3 ﺗﻦ در ﺳﺎل داراي ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ رﺳﻮﺑﺪﻫﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ، ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در اﯾﺠﺎد اﯾﻦ ﺗﻮان رﺳﻮﺑﺪﻫﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ دو حوضه دارد

Kardeh catchment is located in 36° 37' to 36° 58' latitude and 59° 26' to 59° 37' longitude with an area of 549 square kilometers in the eastern part of Kopet Dagh Zone. In the present study, the risk of sedimentation and erosion were studied using Hydro-Physical method and Geographic Information System (GIS) and field observations. In the Hydro-physical method, study area is divided into seven hydrological sub-basin. Afterward, Hydro-physical model were used to evaluate the dominate factors (include: area, slope, vegetation, geology and hydrology). At the end, the deposition potential rate and the percentage of each sub-basin was estimated. Results showed that Sij and Aal sub-basins with 2122.1 tonne per year had the greatest soil erosion potential and Firuzabad with 93.3 tonne per year had the lowest soil erosion potential. In conclusion, the area factor, play most important role in soil erosion potential in the sub-basins