ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﮔﯿﺎﻫ ﺸﻨﺎﺳﯽ، ﻓﯿﺘﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﻓﺎرﻣﺎﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ﮐﺮﻓﺲ ﮐﻮﻫﯽ (Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff.)

A Review on the Botanical, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Characteristics of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff.

ﮐﺮﻓﺲ ﮐﻮﻫﯽ ).Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff( ﯾﮏ ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ اﻧﺪﻣﯿﮏ زاﮔﺮس ﻣﺮﮐﺰي اﯾﺮان اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺣﺪ آن در اواﯾﻞ دوره روﯾﺸﯽ و زﻣﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً زﯾﺎد ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻘﺮار و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺬر، اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪ ﺣﯿﺎت و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺬر را ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ و در ﻣﻌﺮض اﻧﻘﺮاض ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﮐﺮﻓﺲ ﮐﻮﻫﯽ داراي دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت اﺳﺎﻧﺲ و ﻓﻼوﻧﻮﺋﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻓﻼوﻧﻮﺋﯿﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ از ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ داراي اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪاﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﯽ، ﺿﺪوﯾﺮوﺳﯽ، ﺿﺪدﯾﺎﺑﺖ و ﺿﺪﺳﺮﻃﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﮐﺮﻓﺲ ﮐﻮﻫﯽ ﺑﻮﺗﯿﻠﯿﺪن ديﻫﯿﺪروﻓﺘﺎﻟﯿﺪ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻮﺗﯿﻠﯿﺪن ﻓﺘﺎﻟﯿﺪ اﺳﺖ. ﻓﺘﺎﻟﯿﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻋﻤﺪه در ﺑﺬر ﮔﯿﺎه ﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، اﺳﯿﺪﻫﺎي ﭼﺮب ﻣﻬﻢ آن اﺳﯿﺪ ﭘﺘﺮوﺳﻠﯿﻨﯿﮏ، اﺳﯿﺪ ﻟﯿﻨﻮﻟﺌﯿﮏ و اﺳﯿﺪ ﭘﺎﻟﻤﯿﺘﯿﮏ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در ﻃﺐ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪامﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮐﺮﻓﺲ ﮐﻮﻫﯽ، ﺧﻮاﺻﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﺿﺪاﻟﺘﻬﺎب، ﺿﺪدرد، درﻣﺎن روﻣﺎﺗﯿﺴﻢ و ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﺧﻮن ذﮐﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﮐﺮﻓﺲ ﮐﻮﻫﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، داراي ﺧﺎﺻﯿﺖ آﻧﺘﯽاﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ و اﺛﺮ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﮐﺮﻓﺲ ﮐﻮﻫﯽ از ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﮔﯿﺎهﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ، ﺸﺖ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ، ﻣﻮارد ﻣﺼﺮف در ﻃﺐ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ و ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد.

Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff. (keluss), is an endemic medicinal herb in the central Zagros region of Iran. Due to its excessive harvesting in the early vegetation period and the relatively long time required for seed establishment and production, this plant does not have the opportunity to regenerate and produce seed and is exposed to extinction. Keluss has two groups of essential oils and flavonoids. Flavonoids are one of the important components of the plant that have anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-diabetes and anti-cancer effects. The most important ingredient in the essential oil of keluss is butylidene dihydrophthalide, as well as butylamine phthalide. Phthalides are found mainly in plant seeds. The main fatty acids of the plant are petroselinic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid. The aerial parts of the keluss have properties such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, rheumatic treatment and blood purification in traditional medicine. Keluss has antioxidant and and tissue protection effects. In this article, the plant is reviewed from various aspects such as botanical characteristics, cultivation and production, uses in traditional medicine and clinical research.