كليدواژه :
ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮐﺎرﺑﺮ , ﻧﺎﮐﺎرﺑﺮان , ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ , اﯾﺮان
چكيده فارسي :
ﭼﮑﯿﺪه
زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﻧﺎﮐﺎرﺑﺮان ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ دﻟﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ دﻻﯾﻞ ﻋﺪم ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ و ﺷﺮوط ﻣﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ، ﻫﻤﻮاره ﯾﮑﯽ از دﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎي ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ دﻻﯾﻞ ﻋﺪم ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ و ﺷﺮوط ﻧﺎﮐﺎرﺑﺮان ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان اﺳﺖ.
روش: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ از روش ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اي ﻣﺒﻨﺎي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻮد و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺧﺎم ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﻫﺎ ﻃﯽ 3 ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري ﺷﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ﻣﮑﺲ ﮐﯿﻮدا ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. 105 ﻧﺎﮐﺎرﺑﺮ از 11 اﺳﺘﺎن ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دادﻧﺪ.
ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﻫﺎ، 64 ﮐﺪ ﺑﺎز، 26 زﯾﺮﻃﺒﻘﻪ، 12 ﻃﺒﻘﻪ و 5 ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﻣﺤﻮري ﺑﻮد. از ﻣﯿﺎن ﻃﺒﻘﺎت ﻣﺤﻮري، ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻧﺎﮐﺎرﺑﺮان، ﻣﺤﺘﻮا، اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻮارد ﮐﺎﻓﯽ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻧﺎﮐﺎرﺑﺮان ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ را ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ ﺗﻠﻘﯽ ﮐﺮده و ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي را دﻟﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺪم ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ، ﻣﻮﺟﻮدﯾﺖ ﺿﻌﯿﻒ و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ اﻃﻼع ﮔﺮﯾﺰ از دﯾﮕﺮ دﻻﯾﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺎﮐﺎرﺑﺮان ﺑﻪ آن اﺷﺎره ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺎﮐﺎرﺑﺮان ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﺮوﻃﯽ دارﻧﺪ؛ آنﻫﺎ زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ آﻣﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮه ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ - اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺷﻮد.
اﺻﺎﻟﺖ/ارزش: ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﮐﯿﻔﯽ، ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ اﺻﺎﻟﺖ و ارزش اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ دﻻﯾﻞ ﻋﺪم ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ و ﺷﺮوط ﻧﺎﮐﺎرﺑﺮان ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ، ﮐﻤﮏ ﺷﺎﯾﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺘﮕﺬاري و ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﺧﻂ ﻣﺸﯽﻫﺎي واﻗﻊﺑﯿﻨﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Objective: Non-users are those who do not go to the library for any reason. Identifying the reasons for not being present and the client's conditions for going to the library has always been a concern for public libraries. This paper seeks to provide insight into the reasons why non-users do not use the library as well as to identify the non-users' conditions to go to the library.
Methodology: Results are built on a qualitative user study. Indeed, findings are gained based on Grounded Theory in 3 stages. Data are collected by semi-structured interviews in which 105 non-users form 11 provinces of Iran participated in. Analyzing was started with open encoding. In the next step the open codes are classified and the open codes that had a meaningful relationship are located in the certain categories. Categorizing is continued until recognizing the axis categories. Eventually, the central class was chosen and relationship of categories was described.
Findings: Analyzing interviews generated 64 open codes, 26 sub-categories, 12 categories, and 5 core categories. Among the core categories, the inefficient organization class was chosen as the central class. The findings indicate that the content, facilities, environments and services of library are ineffective. Non-users consider the library as an ineffective organization. They do not go to the library due to ineffectiveness. In addition, poor entity and anti-information environment are other reasons that the non-users pointed to. Nevertheless, they will come to the library if the scope of resources and services would expand and improve. They also expect that the standard structure of the environment and equipment to be observed and tangible in the soul of the library.
Conclusion:The subject of the study and the use of the qualitative method express the originality and value of this research. Identifying the reasons for not being present of non-users in the library as well as their conditions to go to the library is helpful in policy making and formulating realistic policies. Cases such as lending time, censorship, lending of friends, frustration, indifference, lack of need, financial problems, inability to study in a public place, reduce study efficiency, low literacy, maladministration, inefficiency of the librarian, cultural weakness of individuals, lack of reading culture are part of the concepts that filled the knowledge gaps related to the reasons of not to visit the library by Iranian non-users. Beyond absorbing non-users to the library, share of public libraries from populations won’t persuade policy makers to support more finances and supplement of them and this will mean a deficit for public library system.
