ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﺑﺪن و ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺮوﺋﯿﺪي ﻓﯿﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ )Huso hus( ﻣﺎده ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﮐﻮژﻧﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﮔﻨﺎد در ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ

Comparison of Body Size and Steroid Hormones of Female Beluga Sturgeon Huso huso Based on Gonad Echogenicity Status in Sonography

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﻓﯿﻠﻤﺎﻫﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ارزش ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺧﺎوﯾﺎري ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. آﮔﺎﻫﯽ از ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﮔﻨﺎد، ﻻزﻣـﻪ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿـﺖ در اﻣـﺮ ﭘﺮورش و ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻃـﻮل، وزن و ﻫﻮرﻣـﻮن ﻫـﺎي اﺳـﺘﺮوﺋﯿﺪي ﺑﺮاﺳـﺎس اﮐﻮژﻧﺴـﯿﺘﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪه از ﮔﻨﺎد در ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ، ﺑﺮ روي 20 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻓﯿﻞ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﭘﺮورﺷﯽ 4 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﺎده اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. روش ﮐﺎر: ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﻣﻮرد زﯾﺴﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ و آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﺧﻮﻧﯽ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه SonoAce R3 ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺲ 9-8 ﻣﮕـﺎ ﻫﺮﺗﺰ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده و ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ روش رادﯾﻮاﯾﻤﻨﻮواﺳﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وزن ﮐﻞ، ﻃﻮل ﮐﻞ و ﻃﻮل اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 9/96 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم، 114/45 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ، 65 /101 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ و ﻣﯿـﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي 17ﺑﺘﺎ-اﺳﺘﺮادﯾﻮل، ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺳﺘﺮون، 17آﻟﻔﺎ-20ﺑﺘﺎ-دي ﻫﯿﺪروﮐﺴﯽ ﭘﺮوژﺳﺘﺮون، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ0/28 ،0/49 و 41/7 ﻧﺎﻧﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﻠـﯽ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻣﺘﺮﯾـﮏ در رﻧـﮓ ﻫـﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﮔﻨـﺎد در ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪات ﺳـﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ، اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ)p>0/05( وﻟﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺣﺠـﻢ ﻫـﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﮔﻨـﺎد در ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪات ﺳـﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ، اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮده)p<0/05( ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ، ﺣﺠﻢ ﮔﻨـﺎد ﺧـﻮﺑﯽ را در ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪات ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﺣﺠﻢ و رﻧﮓ ﮔﻨﺎد، اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺒﻮده اﺳﺖ)p>0/05(. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺑﺰرگﺗﺮ از ﺣﺠﻢ ﮔﻨﺎد ﻣﻄﻠﻮب در ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪات ﺳﻮﻧﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﻟﺬا ﺟﺪاﺳـﺎزي و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن درﺷﺖ ﺗﺮ در ﺳﻦ ﭘﺎﺋﯿﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از اﺗﻼف وﻗﺖ و ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺳﻮدﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن در اﯾﻦ ﺳﻦ، ﻧﻤﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﮐﻮژﻧﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﮔﻨﺎد ﻣﻮﺛﺮ واﻗﻊ ﮔﺮدد.

Inroduction & Objective: Beluga sturgeon(Huso huso) is one of the most valuable species of sturgeon for breeding and rearing in aquaculture farms. Understanding the quality of gonads, especially gonads in female, is essential to the success of breeding and reproducing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in body size (length and weight) and steroid hormones based on the echogenicity (volume and color) observed from gonad in ultrasound on 4-year-old female beluga sturgeon (n=20) Material and Method: For this purpose, the fish were bio-assayed and blood analyzed. The SonoAce R3 was used for ultrasound by adjusting the frequency between 8-9 Hz, hormonal assay was performed by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results: Mean total weight (TW), total length (TL), standard length (SL), condition factor (CF) of fish were 9.96 kg, 114.45 cm, 101.65 cm, 0.93 and mean of E2, T and 17,20OH-P were 0.49, 0.28 and 41.7 ng/ml, respectively. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference between the mean of morphometric parameters in different gonadal colors in sonographic observations (p> 0.05). However, there was a significant difference between their mean values with respect to different gonad volumes in the ultrasound observations (p<0.05) whereas fish with a higher average of total weight, total length, standard length, and condition factor showed good gonad volume in the ultrasound observations. There was also no significant difference between mean values of steroid hormones in terms of volume and color of gonad (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Since the larger fish had a favorable gonad volume in the ultrasound observations, thus, separation and maintenance of such stocks for reproduction is more desired and reduces costs. Also steroid hormones in 4-year-old female beluga are not associated with gonadal echogenicity characteristics and cannot be used as a determination method.