فريادنامه انوري

Anvari’s Versified Faryâdnâmeh (Relief Request)

اﻧﻮري ﻗﺼﯿﺪه ﺳﺮاي ﻧﺎﻣﯽ ﻗﺮن ﺷﺸﻢ ﻫﺠـﺮي، ﭘـﺲ از ﯾـﻮرش ﻏُـﺰان و اﺳا رت ﺳــﻠﺠﻮﻗﯽ ﺣــﮏ: 552-511 ق ﺑــﻪ دﺳــﺖ آﻧــﺎن و آﮔــﺎﻫﯽ از اوﺿــﺎع ﻧﺎﺑﺴــﺎﻣﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳــﺎن، در ﻗﺼﯿﺪه اي ﺧﻄﺎب ﺑﻪ ﺳﻠﻄﺎن رﮐﻦ اﻟﺪ٘ﯾﻦ ﻗٙﻠٙﺞ ﻃﻤﻐﺎج ﺧﺎن، ﺣـﺎﮐﻢ ﺳـﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪ، از او ﺧﻮاﺳـﺖ ﺗـﺎ ﺑـﺎ ﻟﺸﮑﺮﮐﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن، ﻣﺮدم را از ﺷﺮّ ﻏُﺰان ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻧﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺸـﺎﻧﻪ ﻫـﺎﯾﯽ ﮐـﻪ در اﯾـﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ آن اﺳﺘﻨﺎد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، اﯾﻦ ﻗﺼﯿﺪه ﮐﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻫﺎي آﺷﮑﺎري ﺑـﺎ دﯾﮕـﺮ ﻗﺼـﺎﯾﺪ ﻣـﺪﺣﯽ اﻧـﻮري دارد و ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﺳﺒﺐ از ﻣﺸﻬﻮرﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻗﺼﺎﯾﺪ او ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽ رود، ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﻟﮕﻮ ﯾﺎ ﭘﯿﺶ ﻣـﺘﻦِ ﻓﺮﯾﺎدﻧﺎﻣـﻪ منثور و در ﺷﮑﻞ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ اي ﻣﻨﻈﻮم ﺳﺮوده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

At the time of Ghuzz Turk invasion and captivity of Seljuk Sultan Sanjar (reigning 511-552 a. h.) in their hands, Anvari, Iranian famous odist in sixth century (a. h.), after becoming aware of the unsettlments in Khorasan, wrote a long ode referring to Sultan Rukn ad-Din Kilij Tamghach Khan, ruler of Samarkand, asking him to send an army to Khorasan and relieve them from the Ghuzz tyranny. Based on the evidence provided in this article, this ode, which is so different from Anvari’s other eulogist odes, which makes it one of his most famous odes, is written based on the pattern or pretext of prose relief request letters (Faryâdnâmeh) and it is written in the form of a versified letter.