تأثير شش هفته تمرينات اكسنتريك همسترينگ بر توانايي كنترل پوسچر و عملكرد حس عمقي مفصل زانو در فوتباليست هاي نوجوان

The Effect of Six Weeks of Hamstring Eccentric Exercises on the Postural Control and Knee Joint Proprioception in Adolescent Football Players

هدف: بازيكنان فوتبال نسبت به بقيه ورزشكاران بيشتر در معرض آسيب­هاي اندام تحتاني قرار مي ­گيرند؛ از طرفي آن‌ها براي رسيدن به عملكرد مطلوب به سطح بالايي از هماهنگي، كنترل پوسچر، قدرت و دامنه حركتي نياز دارند. بنابراين، هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسي تأثير شش هفته تمرينات اكسنتريك همسترينگ بر توانايي كنترل پوسچر و حس عمقي مفصل زانو در فوتباليست­هاي نوجوان بود. روش­ ها: در اين مطالعه نيمه ­تجربي 30 مرد فوتباليست نوجوان كه در آزمون­هاي غربالگري عملكردي نمره زير 14 كسب كردند انتخاب و به‌طور مساوي به دو گروه همسان تقسيم شدند. قبل و بعد از تمرينات، متغير­هاي حس عمقي مفصل زانو و دامنه حركت فلكشن مفصل ران به‌وسيله گونيامتر و توانايي كنترل پوسچر ديناميك، به‌وسيله تست Y مورد اندازه ­گيري قرار گرفتند. داده­ها با استفاده از آزمون آماري­ تحليل كوواريانس تجزيه‌وتحليل شدند. يافته‌ها: بر اساس نتايج، در پيش‌آزمون، اختلاف معناداري در عملكرد حس عمقي زانو، كنترل پوسچر ديناميك و دامنه فلكشن ران بين دو گروه تجربي و كنترل وجود نداشت (0/05

Objective: Football players are more likely to suffer from lower limb injuries than other athletes do; at the same time, they need a high level of coordination, postural control, strength and range of motion to achieve optimal performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of six weeks of hamstring eccentric exercises on the postural control and knee joint proprioception in adolescent football players. Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 30 male football players who scored below 14 in functional screening tests were selected and divided into two equal groups. Before and after exercises, the knee proprioception and hip flexion range of motion were measured through goniometry and dynamics postural control ability was measured through the Y-test. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Results: Based on the results, there were no significant differences in the knee proprioception, dynamic postural control and hip flexion range of motion between the experimental and control groups in the pre-test (p> 0.05). In the post-test, although there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the knee active proprioception (p >0.05), the knee passive proprioception (p = 0.014), dynamic postural control (P = 0.001) and hip flexion range of motion (p = 0.003), had significantly improved in experimental group. Conclusion: Based on the results, hamstring eccentric exercises can improve the knee proprioception, postural control and hip flexion range of motion in the football players. Therefore, in order to improve the athletic performance and prevent the occurrence of injuries, such exercises can be included in the training programs of these athletes.