سير تحول نام ايران از منظر جغرافياي سياسي

The evolution of Iran's name from the point of view of political geography

از ديدگاه جغرافياي سياسي وجود اقوام مختلف در سرزمين ايران، موجبات دگرگوني «نام ايران» را در طول زمان فراهم آورده است. دوام و استمرار هويت ونام ايراني، مديون گروه هاي مختلف قومي بويژه فارس ها بوده است. ورود نژاد آريايي به «فلات ايران» 1500 تا 2000 سال قبل از ميلاد مسيح صورت گرفته است. مفهوم «ايران» در نيمه اول قرن سوم قبل از ميلاد در نتيجه تبليغات ساسانيان به وجود آمده است. با توجه به سنگ نوشته هاي داريوش اول و توالي و ترتيب تنظيم نام سرزمين هايي كه قلمرو گسترده هخامنشي را تشكيل مي دادند، مي توان بيان كرد كه در متون منظوم و منثور فارسي اعم از ادبي و تاريخي و جغرافيايي، از نيمه قرن چهارم به بعد، همواره از واژۀ «ايران» ياد شده است. همچنين، در كتاب هاي ممالك عربي و مكاتبات آن ها نيز به واژه ايران و مترادف آن اشاره شده است. در اين مقاله كه از نوع بنيادي است، با بهره‌گيري از روش توصيفي-تحليلي، سعي شده است تا سير تحول «نام ايران» از منظر جغرافياي سياسي بررسي شود و يك ديدگاه «واحد و جامع» در اين خصوص ايجاد شود. ضرورت پژوهش حاضر از آنروست كه معمولاً درايران تنها به بررسي تاريخي مكانهاي جغرافيايي پرداخته شده است و بررسي نقاط عطف تاريخي وعوامل تأثيرگذار بر تحولات «نام ايران» و نيز تقسيم بندي جغرافيايي سرزمين بر اساس تغييرات بنيادين حاصل از فعاليت و عملكرد اقوام مغفول، مانده است.

From a geopolitical point of view, the existence of different ethnic groups on the Iranian soil has given rise to the "name of Ir@n" over time. The persistence and identity of the Iranian name has been owed to various ethnic groups, especially the Persians. Given the dynamics of Iranian culture in recent decades, Iranian people have gained a more comprehensive understanding of their Iranian history. This is not ineffective knowledge of the internal and external geographic environment conditions. The assumption that we have witnessed the growth and change of the "name of Ir@n" through various changes is quite theoretically and practically defensible. Because in the course of history and the arrival and departure of various tribes to the land of Iran, one can search for developments in the name of Iran. Therefore, it can be said that the most important ground for the expansion of the globalist and nationalist morale and tendency in "The Name of Ir@n" can be seen in its geographical-historical origin. The Aryan race entered the "Iranian plateau" 1500 to 2000 BC. The concept of "Ir@n" originated in the first half of the third century BC as a result of Sasanian propaganda. According to the writings of Darius I and the sequence of arrangement of the names of the lands that formed the Achaemenid territory, it can be stated that in Persian literary texts and prose, both literary, historical and geographical, from the middle of the fourth century onwards. The word "Ir@n" has always been mentioned. Also in the books of the Arab countries and their correspondence is the word Iran and its synonym. This article, which is a fundamental one, uses a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the evolution of the "name of Ir@n" from a political geographical perspective and to create a "unified and holistic" view. The necessity of the present study is that in Iran it is usually only a historical survey of geographical locations and the study of historical milestones and factors influencing the developments of the "name of Ir@n" and the geographical segmentation of the land based on fundamental changes resulting from the activities and practices of the neglected peoples.