پديد آورندگان :
رحيمي مينا دانشگاه اروميه - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه مهندسي آب , رضاوردي نژاد وحيد دانشگاه اروميه - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه مهندسي آب , كمالي پيام پرديس ابوريحان دانشگاه تهران - گروه مهندسي آبياري و زهكشي , ابراهيميان حامد پرديس كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي دانشگاه تهران - گروه مهندسي آبياري و آباداني
كليدواژه :
آبياري سطحي , پارامترهاي نفوذ , جويچه و مدلسازي معكوس , آبياري جويچه اي
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﺎزده ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي آﺑﯿﺎري ﺳﻄﺤﯽ، ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻧﻔﻮذ ﺑﺎ دﻗﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ زده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزي ﻣﻌﮑﻮس از روشﻫﺎي دﻗﯿﻖ در ﺑﺮآورد ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻧﻔﻮذ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اول ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻧﻔﻮذ NRCS، ﮐﺎﺳﺘﯿﺎﮐﻒ، ﮐﺎﺳﺘﯿﺎﮐﻒ اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه، ﮐﺎﺳﺘﯿﺎﮐﻒ اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه ﺷﺎﺧﻪاي، ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺷﺪت ﻧﻔﻮذ-زﻣﺎن و زﻣﺎن ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﺑﻄﻮرﯾﮑﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﻓﺎزﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﺮوي، ﭘﺴﺮوي و رواﻧﺎب را ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺎ ﺑﺮآورد ﮐﻨﺪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻔﻮذ، روش ﮐﺎﺳﺘﯿﺎﮐﻒ اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ درﺻﺪ ﺧﻄﺎي 2/99 ،2/14 و 2/95 ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﻓﺎزﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﺮوي، ﭘﺴﺮوي و رواﻧﺎب، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ دوم ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ )ﮐﺎﺳﺘﯿﺎﮐﻒ اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه(، ﺳﻪ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار ﻣﺘﺪاول در ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﻌﮑﻮس ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ: IPARM ،WinSRFR و SIPAR-ID ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺟﻮﯾﭽﻪ آﺑﯿﺎري ﺗﺤﺖ ﮐﺸﺖ ذرت واﻗﻊ در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ﭘﺮدﯾﺲ ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺳﺎل 1393، ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪل IPARM ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ درﺻﺪ ﺧﻄﺎي5/87 ،2/40 و 2/11 ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﻓﺎزﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﺮوي، ﭘﺴﺮوي و رواﻧﺎب ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار WinSRFR داﺷﺖ؛ اﻣﺎ ﻓﺎز ﭘﺴﺮوي را ﺑﺎ ﺧﻄﺎي ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎً دو ﺑﺮاﺑﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ آن ﺑﺮآورد ﻧﻤﻮد. ﻣﺪل SIPAR-ID ﻧﯿﺰ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺿﻌﯿﻒ ﺑﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎت در ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ را ﻧﺸﺎن داد.
چكيده لاتين :
In order to increase the efficiency of surface irrigation systems, it is necessary to estimate the coefficients of infiltration equations with high precision. Inverse modeling is a precise method for estimating the coefficients of infiltration equations. In this research in the first step, the performance of different infiltration equations including NRCS intake families, Kostiakov, modified Kostiakov, modified Kostiakov Branch Functions, Time-Rated Intake Family and Characteristic time were evaluated and compared. Then the best infiltration equation was determined so that it could estimate the advance, recession and runoff phases with the least error. By comparing different infiltration equations, the modified Kostiakov method with a mean percentage error of 2.14, 2.99 and 2.95 was determined as the best-performance infiltration equation in advance, recession and runoff phases, respectively. In the second step, based on the optimal infiltration equation (modified Kostiakov), three commonly used software for inverse estimation of infiltration equation parameters including: WinSRFR, IPARM and SIPAR-ID were compared using field data of four furrow irrigation under corn cultivation located at the research farm of agriculture and natural resources campus of university of Tehran in 2014. The results showed that the IPARM model with mean percentage errors of 2.40, 5.87, and 2.11, respectively, in advance, recession and runoff phases had a similar performance with the WinSRFR software, but it estimated the recession phase with an error of almost two times as compared to WinSRFR. The SIPAR-ID model in estimating the infiltration equation coefficients had poor performance with the highest volatility in the coefficients values.
