ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻓﻨﺎوريﻫﺎي ﻧﻮين ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﯽ در ﺳﯿﻤﺎي ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﯽ ﺗﻬﺮان از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي زيبا ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻪ

Discussion New Technologies of Tehran’ High-Rise Residential Buildings’ Facade from the Perspective of Aesthetic Patterns

اﻫﺪاف: ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ در دﻫﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ در ﺗﻌﺪاد و ﺳﻬﻢ، در ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده اﻧﺪ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﻪدﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ي زياد در ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ زيباييﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ. اين ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ از ﻟﺤﺎظ زيباﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ اﻟﮕﻮيي ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎي ﮐﻮﺗﺎهﺗﺮ ﻧﯿﺰ تبديل ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﺗﺪوين اﺻﻮل ﻧﻤﺎي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎ ﺿﺮورﺗﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻐﻔﻮل ﻣﺎﻧﺪه و دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ آن ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ، ارزياﺑﯽ و دﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي زيباﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ اين ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ. پرسش اصلي اين است كه در سيماي بلندمرتبه هاي مسكوني در زمينه زيباشناسي چه دگرگوني پديد آمده است، شكل گيري آنها از چه روندي پيروي مي كند و هدف خوانشي روشن از سير دگرگوني الگوهاي زيباشناسانه نماي بلندمرتبه هاي مسكوني تهران، از سال 1340تاكنون است. ابزار و روشها: با روش تحقيق توصيفي- تحليلي، نماي بلندمرتبه هاي مسكوني تهران و روند شكل گيري آنها در دوره هاي زماني بررسي و اطلاعات با حضور در محل بناها جمع آوري شدند، سپس در جداولي قرار گرفتند كه براساس شاخص هاي زيبايي شناسي تعريف، دسته بندي و تاريخچه اين نمونه ها با مطالعات كتابخانه اي گردآوري شد. تحليل نمونه ها، الگوهاي زيباشناسانه در سيماي بناهاي بلندمرتبه ها را روشن نمود. يافته ها: با توجه به فراواني هر يك در بازه هاي زماني، چهار موج زيباشناسانه و مشخصات دقيقي از ويژگي الگوها و موقعيت شكل گيري هر موج در شهر به دست آمد. از سوي ديگر الگوواره بناها از لحاظ شكلي به مكعب، تركيب مكعب و زيگورات در تاج و گونه با تنوع حجمي و شكلي دسته بندي شدند. نتيجه گيري: روندي سيال در تدوين الگوهاي زيبايي شناسي بناهاي بلندمرتبه مسكوني متناسب با شرايط زماني و مكاني تهران وجود دارد

Aims High-rise residential buildings in the last decades in terms of contribution and number allocated itself a significant share of housing and shaping to urban body and can be studied due to the great influence of the urban astronomy on aesthetics. Therefore, the evaluation of aesthetics governing them is expressed as a necessity the main aim is to obtain a clear and accurate perception of the evolution of the aesthetic types of facing high-rise residential buildings as part of the physical dimension of Tehran since 1961 until now. How the evolution of aesthetic types in relation to the design of high-rise buildings is the main question. Instruments and Methods With using a descriptive-analytic research method, the high-rise buildings and their shaping process in time periods have been investigated. This information has been gathered in the presence of the site and its registration. The history of the samples was collected by library studies and then evaluated. Findings The main result of this research is the four aesthetic trends which after the grouping of samples, according to their frequency in decades were obtained. Also, detailed specifications of the trends characteristics and the position of their formation were obtained. Also, building patterns classify in the form of cubes, the combination of cubes and ziggurat in their tops and species with a variety of volumes and shapes. Conclusion We have a flowing process in the appearance of the aesthetic patterns of Tehran’s high-rise buildings in accordance with their time and place conditions.