ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداري ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ (ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي: ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺷﻬﺮي)

Investigation on the Qualitative and Quantitative Benefits in Housing (Case Study: the Cities in Guilan Province With the Emphasis on Urban Areas)

رﺷﺪ ﺑﺪون ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ در دﻫﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻋﺪﯾﺪهاي را ﭘﯿﺶ روي ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ را ﺑﺮﺷﻤﺮد. ﺑﺮاﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﻧﯿﺎز اﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﺑﻪﺧﺎﻃﺮ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪﻓﺮدي ﮐﻪ دارد ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮي اﺳﺎﺳﯽ در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ دارد، ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس ﻫﺪاف اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ در ﻧﻘﺎط ﺷﻬﺮي اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن و اراﯾﻪ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ و از 13 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ در ﻧﻘﺎط ﺷﻬﺮي 16 ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻧﯿﺰ از ﻣﺪل ANP و ﺗﺎﭘﺴﯿﺲ و ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن داراي ﮐﻤﺒﻮدﻫﺎ و ﺿﻌﻒﻫﺎي زﯾﺎدي اﺳﺖ و ﻧﻘﺎط ﺷﻬﺮي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رودﺑﺎر ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز 0,6606 در رﺗﺒﻪ اول از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﻗﺮار دارد و ﺷﻬﺮ ﺻﻮﻣﻌﻪﺳﺮا ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز 0,285599 ﺑﺪﺗﺮﯾﻦ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ را در اﺳﺘﺎن دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﯾﺎﻗﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﻧﺪارد. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدﻫﺎي اﻋﻄﺎي وامﻫﺎي ﮐﻢﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮاي اﻗﺸﺎر ﮐﻢدرآﻣﺪ، ﻧﻮﺳﺎزي و ﺑﻬﺴﺎزي واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺒﯽ و ﺑﯽدوام، ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي ﺑﺮاي آﯾﻨﺪهﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ را در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ اراﺋﻪ دادهاﺳﺖ.

The city growth without planning has caused many problems in the last decades. Issues related to housing are considered as these problems. Thus investigating housing situation seems to be essential. Because of its unique characteristics, housing has essential impact on the urban development. To this end the main purpose of this research is to investigate qualitative and quantitative indexes of housing in Guilan urban areas and to propose approaches for the improvement of the existing situation. This study is an analytic-descriptive research and 13 qualitative and quantitative indexes are used in investigating the housing situation of the urban areas of 16 towns in Guilan. For data analysis ANP model Topsis and Pearson correlation are used. The findings of this study indicate that the investigating indexes under investigation on housing in the towns of Guilan province face with many shortcomings. The urban areas of Roodbar town with 0.6606 points is ranked the first and Somesara town with 0.285599 points has the worst situation in Guilan in regard to housing. It is also found that urbanization has no significant relationship to development. To this end low benefit loans to low classes, reconstructing and renewing old houses besides new comprehensive planning for housing for the future of the cities are recommended