ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﮕﯽ ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي 15 ﮔﺎﻧﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي )ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي: ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 8 ،2 ،1 و 9(

Analysis of the National Space Development on the Basis of the Economic 15 Sectors (Case Study: 1, 2, 8 and 9 Regions)

ﺿﺮورت ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ و ﻣﺘﻮازن در ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺟﻬـﺎن ﺳﻮم از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﯾﺮان، ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ و ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑﺮي ﺑﯿﻦ آنﻫﺎ را اﺟﺘﻨﺎبﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ، اوﻟﯿﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰيﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي و اﯾﺠﺎد ﺗﻌﺎدل و ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺸﻤﺎر ﻣﯽرود. از اﯾﻦرو ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﯾﺎﻓﺘﮕﯽ درون ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ)8 ،2 ،1 و 9( ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ اﺑﻌﺎد اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﻧﺠﺎمﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮاي وزندﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻣﺪل ANP و ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ از روشﻫﺎي ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮي ﭼﻨﺪﻣﻌﯿﺎره ﭘﺮوﻣﺘﻪ و ﮔﺎﯾﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎدهﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ)8 ،2 ،1 و 9( ﮐﺸﻮر، اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن ﺷﺮﻗﯽ، ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران، ﻓﺎرس و ﮐﺮﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ ﮐﺴﺐ رﺗﺒﻪ اول از وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﻄﻠﻮب، و اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي اردﺑﯿﻞ، ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن، ﮐﻬﮑﯿﻠﻮﯾﻪ و ﺑﻮﯾﺮاﺣﻤﺪ و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن و ﺑﻠﻮﭼﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﺎ ﮐﺴﺐ رﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎي آﺧﺮ از وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺿﻌﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺮﮐﺰﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي و ﺟﺬب اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد. ﺑﻪﻃﻮريﮐﻪ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﯾﮏ)اﺳﺘﺎن آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎنﺷﺮﻗﯽ(، در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 2 )اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران(، در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 8 )اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس( و در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 9 )اﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮﻣﺎن( در ﻣﺮﮐﺰﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺧﻮد ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺠﻮار ﺧﻮد از وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮدهاﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 2 رﺗﺒﻪ اول، ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 1 رﺗﺒﻪ دوم، ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 8 رﺗﺒﻪ ﺳﻮم و ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 9 رﺗﺒﻪ آﺧﺮ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دادهاﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﺟﻬﺖ دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎدل ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ در اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ)8 ،2 ،1 و 9( ﻣﯽﺑﺎﯾﺴﺘﯽ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي آﺗﯽ آﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻣﻠﯽ، اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي اردﺑﯿﻞ، ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن، ﮐﻬﮑﯿﻠﻮﯾﻪ و ﺑﻮﯾﺮ اﺣﻤﺪ و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن و ﺑﻠﻮﭼﺴﺘﺎن از اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ، اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن از اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ، اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن ﻏﺮﺑﯽ، ﮔﯿﻼن و ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ از اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ، اﺳﺘﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﮐﺮﻣﺎن و ﻓﺎرس از اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺿﻌﯿﻒ و اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن ﺷﺮﻗﯽ و ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران از اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﺿﻌﯿﻒ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.

The need for integrated and balanced development in third world countries, including Iran, has made the recognition of the characteristics of different regions and inequality between them inevitable. Recognizing regions in terms of development indicators and comparing them is considered as the first step in regional planning besides making balance and social justice between regions. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of development of intra- regional provinces of regions (1, 2, 8 and 9) of the country that is conducted in terms of economic size. This study is a descriptive-analytic research. In this research study ANP model is used to weight the indices and to analyze the data Multi Criteria Decision Making Prometheus and Gaia is used. The results show that in regions (1,2,8,9) of the country the provinces East Azarbaijan, Mazandaran, Fars and Kermanare being ranked as the first with favorable economic situation; whereas, the provinces Ardebil, Golestan, Kohgiluyeh-Boyer Ahmad and Sistan and Baluchestan are ranked as the last with very weak economic situation. The results of this study show that there is a significant relationship between the regional center and attracting economic facilities. So that in the first area (East Azarbaijan), in Region 2 (Mazandaran), in the 8^th Region (Fars Province) and in Region 9 (Kerman)are located in the central region and compared to its neighboring provinces have favorable economic conditions. The investigation of the inter-regional differences indicates that in terms of economic development region 2 is ranked as the first region 1 as the second, region 8 as the third and region 9 as the last. The results also show that in order to achieve balanced spatial development in the provinces of regions (1, 2, 8 and 9) in future programs of national planning, Ardebil, Golestan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad and Sistan-Baluchestan meet very high priority and Hormozgan province meet high priority, West Azerbaijan provinces, Gilan and Bushehr medium priority, Kerman and Fars low priority and the provinces of East Azerbaijan and Mazandaran with very weak priority