ﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ- ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي در ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ (ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي: دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻞ دوﻻب ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رﺿﻮاﻧﺸﻬﺮ)

The Analysis of the Local-Spatial Development of Agriculture in the Rural Settlements (Case Study: Gil Dulab Rural District of Rezvanshahr County)

اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ، ﻫﻤﻪ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﯾﺮان را در ﺣﻮزه اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦﮐﻨﻨﺪه اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ روﺑﻪ رو ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺑﺎ روﺳﺘﺎ، ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ در ارﺗﺒﺎط اﺳﺖ. ﻋﺪم ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺗﻤﺎم زﯾﺎنﻫﺎي آن، ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ را ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﺮاي رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻟﺰوم ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ و ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ. از اﯾﻦ رو ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ- ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي در ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻞ دوﻻب ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رﺿﻮاﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ روش اﻧﺠﺎم، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري، روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻞ دوﻻب )20 روﺳﺘﺎ( در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رﺿﻮاﻧﺸﻬﺮ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ 6 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﻠﯽ در 20 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺟﺰﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از ﻣﺪل وﯾﮑﻮر و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮاي وزن دﻫﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ از روش آﻧﺘﺮوﭘﯽ ﺷﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ از Excel و SPSS اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ، درﺟﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي در روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ روﺳﺘﺎي ﮔﯿﻞ ﭼﺎﻻن )0,048( ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ و روﺳﺘﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه ﺑﻼش )0,988( ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﺎﻓﺘﻪﺗﺮﯾﻦ روﺳﺘﺎي دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ 3 روﺳﺘﺎ )15درﺻﺪ( در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ، 13 روﺳﺘﺎ )65 درﺻﺪ( در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و 4 روﺳﺘﺎ )20 درﺻﺪ( در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﻧﯿﺎﻓﺘﻪ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻓﻌﻠﯽ، ﻣﺪﯾﺮان و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰان ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬاريﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد را در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، ﻣﻌﻄﻮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪ.

All countries including Iran are faced with food security in the field of natural security caused by population growth. These policies are related to rural, agricultural and rural development. Lack of attention to agriculture besides all its losses, bring about instability in rural areas. Thus, to achieve sustainable development, it is essential to notice potential areas and less developed rural settlements. The current study aimed to analyze spatial pattern of agricultural development of rural settlements of Gil Dulab Village of Rezvanshahr City. This research is functional with a descriptive-analytic approach. The population in this study is chosen from rural villages in Gil Dulab (20 villages) in Rezvanshahr. In this study, the agricultural development of rural settlements is analyzed by 6 in 20 overall indicators using VIKOR model and cluster analysis. Shannon entropy method was used for indicators. To analyze the data, SPSS and Excel was used. The results of the study showed that the degree of sustainable agricultural development in the villages under study is different; in that Gil Chalan village (0.048) is considered as the most developed and Bala Mahaleh Siah Balash village (0.988) is known as the least developed village regarding agricultural development. The results obtained from cluster analysis indicated that 3 villages (15%) are developed, 13 villages (65%) are under development and 4 villages (20%) are undeveloped in terms of agricultural development. Considering the current situation, the managers and policy planners should aim at the improvement of agricultural development of the region.