روش ﻫﺎي ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﺎرآﻓﺮﻳﻨﻲ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ

Social Entrepreneurship Financing Methods

اﻣﺮوزه ﻛﺎرآﻓﺮﻳﻨﻲ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان راﻫﻜﺎري اﺛﺮﮔـﺬار و ﭘﺎﻳـﺪار در ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﺔ اﻗﺘﺼـﺎدي و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد و ﻫﺮ روزه ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي ﮔﺴﺘﺮدهﺗﺮي از ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ را ﺑـﻪ ﺧـﻮد ﺟﻠﺐ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ. ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗـﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣـﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﻜـﻲ از ﻣﻮﺿـﻮع ﻫـﺎي راﻫﺒـﺮدي ﭘـﻴﺶ روي ﻛﺎرآﻓﺮﻳﻨـﺎن اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺑﺮاي راهاﻧﺪازي و ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻛﺴـﺐ وﻛﺎرﻫـﺎي اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ اﺳـﺖ اﻳـﻦ ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑـﺎ ﻫـﺪف ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ روشﻫﺎي ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﺎرآﻓﺮﻳﻨﺎن اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش اﻧﺠﺎم اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ، از ﻧﻮع ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف، ﻛـﺎرﺑﺮدي اﺳـﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﺔ آﻣـﺎري، ﻣـﺪﻳﺮان و ﻛﺎرآﻓﺮﻳﻨﺎن اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﻌﺎل در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﺔ آﻣـﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﻴـﻖ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ120 ﻛـﺎرآﻓﺮﻳﻦ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﻌﺎل اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻟﻲ، درآﻣـﺪزاﻳﻲ، ﺳـﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﮔـﺬاري و ﻛﻤـﻚ ﻫـﺎي دوﻟﺘﻲ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ را در ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ و درآﻣﺪ ﻛﺎرآﻓﺮﻳﻨﺎن اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ دارد.

Todays, social entrepreneurship is recognized as a way of effective and sustainable economic and social development. So, this concept needs more attention on the society and the country level. However, financing is a strategic issues that social entrepreneurs are facing in launching and managing social businesses. The aims of this study is to identify the ways of financing social entrepreneurship. Methodology of the study is survey approach and the purpose is an applied research. Data was gathered by researcher made questionnaire that validity are confirmed by experts and reliability was proved by Alpha. Statistical population, are executives and social entrepreneurs in Tehran city. The sample included 120 active social entrepreneurs. Data analysis is done by descriptive statistics and confirmative factor analysis. The results showed that grants, in come, investment, and government support are the most important role in social entrepreneurship financing.