تعيين نقش استراتژي بر مديريت عملكرد سازمان هاي فرهنگي

Determining the Role of Strategy on Performance Management of Cultural Organizations Using Qualitative Content Analysis and Fuzzy Delphi

ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ داراي وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ آن ﻫﺎ را از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎ ﻣﺠﺰا ﮐﺮده و ﺑﻪ ﻃﺒﻊ آن، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎ و ﻣﺪل ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺳﻮم در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺮاي آن ﻫﺎ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﮔﺮدد. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﺪي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ آن ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ارزش و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﮐﻤﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و ﻣﻘﺎﻻت اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه در ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي 2014 و 1393 ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ و ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮐﻤﯽ از روش دﻟﻔﯽ ﻓﺎزي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري آن را ﺗﻌﺪاد 50 ﻧﻔﺮ از اﺳﺘﺎدان، ﻣﺪﯾﺮان و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ داده و ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 12 ﻧﻔﺮ واﺟﺪﯾﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﻟﻔﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري و ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي داده ﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت دﻟﻔﯽ ﻓﺎزي در ﻣﻌﺮض ﻧﻈﺮات ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﺑﺎ روش ﻫﺎي دﻟﻔﯽ ﻓﺎزي ﻣﺜﻠﺜﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي در ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ از ﻧﻮع اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﺧﻮدﺟﻮش )ﻧﻮﻇﻬﻮر( اﺳﺖ و ﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎ، اﻫﺪاف و ﻣﺄﻣﻮرﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ داﺷﺘﻦ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎ داري ﻧﻘﺶ ﻧﻤﺎدﯾﻦ ﻗﺪرت و ﻋﻘﻼﻧﯿﺖ اﺳﺖ. ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﺪي اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬاري ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻋﺒﺎرت از: ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي )6/29(، ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي )6/19( و اﺟﺮاي اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي )5/95( ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

Cultural organizations have features that use conventional patterns and models of performance management for them can not lead to appropriate results. The purpose of this study was to identify the role of strategy and its key components in managing cultural organizations and determining the value and priority of each component. The research method was mixed. The qualitative stage of the qualitative content analysis methodology was provided from 2014 onward and a small phase of the Delphi fuzzy method, the statistical community of which consisted of 50 professors, managers and cultural experts, and sample size equal to 12 eligible Delphi. Qualitative data analysis was performed on the basis of qualitative content analysis and its results were subjected to fuzzy delphi by experts and analyzed by triangular fuzzy Delphi method. The results indicate that strategies in cultural organizations are a kind of new strategy and explain the activities, goals and missions of the organization. On the other hand, having a strategy for these organizations is the symbolic role of power and rationality. Other key components of the strategy are, respectively, the impact on the performance of cultural organizations: strategy formulation (6.29), strategy evaluation (6.19), and strategy implementation (5.94).