واكاوي شايستگي‌هاي كارآفرينان آموزشي

Educational Entrepreneurs Competencies

ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎن آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ از اﻓﺮاد ﺧﻼق و ﻧﻮآور ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل اراﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺟﺪﯾﺪ، اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ و اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﺪارس و ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎي ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎن آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﯾﺠﺎد ﯾﮏ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪي ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻈﺮي آن ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روﯾﮑﺮد ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺪﯾﺪارﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 18 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ و ﻧﯿﺰ آﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ، ﺑﻪ روش ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ ﮐﻠﯿﺎت و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ، ﮔﺮدآوري ﺷﺪ و ﺗﺎ رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي اداﻣﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي اﺳﺘﻘﺮاﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎز، ﻣﺤﻮري و ﮔﺰﯾﻨﺸﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎي ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎن آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ اﺑﻌﺎد و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ 1- ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ )ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ، ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﻣﻬﺎرت دﯾﺠﯿﺘﺎﻟﯽ(2-ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ 3- ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎي ﻋﻠﻤﯽ )داﻧﺶ ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي، داﻧﺶ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ، داﻧﺶ درﺑﺎره آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش، داﻧﺶ درﺑﺎره ﺑﺎزار ﮐﺎر(4- ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي )ﻣﻬﺎرت رﺷﺪ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي، ﻣﻬﺎرت ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ، اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي 5-ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎي ﻓﺮدي )وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ، ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﮕﺮﺷﯽ، ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻓﮑﺮي( ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ و دﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.

Educational entrepreneurs are a group of creative and innovative people who seek to provide new services, new educational tools, and create schools and educational institutions. the aim of present Research identifying the competencies of educational entrepreneurs in order to create a conceptual framework and develop its theoretical foundations. This research is a qualitative research that was conducted using a descriptive phenomenological approach. The participants in this study include 18 managers of educational institutions. The selection of contributors was based on experience and general familiarity with the subject. The data were collected by method of semi-structured interview, general guidance and continued until theoretical saturation. The inductive content analysis method was using three open, axial and selective levels. The findings showed that competencies identified and categorized in five dimensions and components 1- Executive competencies (managerial skills, economic skills and digital skills) 2- entrepreneurship Competencies 3- Academic competencies (professional knowledge, general knowledge, Knowledge about education, knowledge about labor market) 4. Professional competence professional growth and development skills, communication skills, professional ethics, 5-Individual competencies (personality traits, attitude competence, intellectual competence) were explained and categorized.