تعيين سلسله مراتب معيارهاي شايستگي مديران مدارس مبتني بر روش دلفي فازي در آموزش و پرورش استان اصفهان

Explaining and Determining the Hierarchy of School Principals Managerial Competency Criterions in the Isfahan Education Organization Based on Fuzzy Delphi Method

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از رﺳﺎﻟﻪ دﮐﺘﺮي، ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﻣﺪارس ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ روش دﻟﻔﯽ ﻓﺎزي اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽرود و ﻃﺮح ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف و ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻋﻤﯿﻖ ادﺑﯿﺎت ﻣﻮﺿﻮع، ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج و ﻣﺪل اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. 25 ﻧﻔﺮ )20ﻣﺮد و 5 زن( از اﺳﺘﺎدان و ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ در داﻧﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﺮاي اﺻﻼح ﯾﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ و زﯾﺮﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺪل اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺑﺎ آنﻫﺎ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﭘﯿﺶﻣﺪل اﺻﻼح و زﯾﺮﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﯿﻒ ﻟﯿﮑﺮت ﺗﻬﯿﻪ و در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ 368 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﻣﺪارس اﺟﺮا و رواﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار AMOS ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪي و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﺋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ )0/96( ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﭘﯿﺶﻣﺪل اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻏﺮﺑﺎلﮔﺮي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾﻪ و ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ زﯾﺮﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ دﻟﻔﯽ ﻓﺎزي ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ و در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي ﺑﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ 51 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش اﺳﺘﺎن اﺻﻔﻬﺎن اﺟﺮا و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ دﻟﻔﯽ و روﯾﮑﺮد ﻓﺎزي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﻣﺪل ﻧﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﯾﮏ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ، ﻓﺮدي، ﺷﻐﻠﯽ و ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ 12 ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﻓﺮﻋﯽ و 74 زﯾﺮﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.

The aim of this study, as part of the PhD thesis, is to explain the school head's competency criteria based on Fuzzy Delphi method. This research is a mixed research type and the research project is exploratory type. It is also applicable in terms of purpose and nature. First, educational management literature was studied in depth and then the primary competency criteria were extracted. Twenty-five people (20 males and 5 females) comprising professors and educational management experts from universities across the country were selected by the Network Sampling method and semi-structured interviews were conducted to modify or moderate the pre-model. A sample of 368 school administrators were selected and competency questionnaire was provided to them. Its validity was determined by using a confirmatory factor analysis with AMOS software and reliability by calculating the Cronbach's alpha(0.96). Based on the modified pre-model, with the aim of secondary screening and the implementation of sub-criteria, a Fuzzy Delphi questionnaire was developed. A sample of 51 school principals was selected based on the targeted sampling method and the questionnaire was provided to them. The results of the questionnaire, using the Delphi technique and fuzzy approach, were analyzed and a hierarchical structure related to the competency criteria, including, individual, occupational and organizational core criteria, as well as 12 sub-criteria and 74 sub-criteria were determined.